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How Enzymes Work in Metabolic Pathways and Cells

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Alex

26/10/2023

Biology

Metabolism and Survival - 2.1 Metabolic Pathways

How Enzymes Work in Metabolic Pathways and Cells

Role of enzymes in metabolic pathways and membrane structure and enzyme function in cells work together to maintain cellular metabolism through carefully regulated processes and control of metabolic pathways by enzyme inhibition.

  • Metabolic pathways consist of integrated enzyme-controlled reactions that can be reversible, irreversible, or have alternative routes
  • Cell membranes contain specialized proteins including pores, pumps, and enzymes that regulate molecular transport
  • Enzyme function involves induced fit mechanism, substrate affinity, and activation energy reduction
  • Metabolic control occurs through various inhibition mechanisms including competitive, non-competitive, and feedback inhibition
  • Anabolic and catabolic processes work in concert to build up and break down molecules respectively
...

26/10/2023

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Biology

73

26 Oct 2023

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How Enzymes Work in Metabolic Pathways and Cells

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Alex

@alexstudy

Role of enzymes in metabolic pathways and membrane structure and enzyme function in cells work together to maintain cellular metabolism through carefully regulated processes and control of metabolic pathways by enzyme inhibition.

  • Metabolic pathways consist of integrated enzyme-controlled reactions... Show more

~ Metabolic pathways
Metabolism - The term given to the sum of all reactions that take place within a cell.
Metabolic pathway - An integrate

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Metabolic Pathways and Cellular Structure

The first page introduces fundamental concepts about cellular metabolism, membrane structure, and enzymatic processes. The content explains how metabolic pathways function through enzyme-controlled reactions and details the importance of membrane structure in cellular processes.

Definition: Metabolism encompasses all chemical reactions occurring within a cell, while a metabolic pathway represents an integrated series of enzyme-controlled reactions.

Highlight: Cell membranes contain three crucial protein types: pores for specific molecular diffusion, pumps for active transport, and enzymes for catalyzing reactions.

Example: The induced fit model demonstrates how enzymes change shape when binding to substrates, improving the efficiency of chemical reactions.

Vocabulary:

  • Anabolic reactions: Energy-requiring processes that build larger molecules from smaller ones
  • Catabolic reactions: Energy-releasing processes that break down larger molecules into smaller ones
  • Activation energy: Initial energy required to start a chemical reaction

Quote: "Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required to form products."

The page also details three types of enzyme inhibition:

  1. Competitive inhibition where molecules compete with substrates for active sites
  2. Non-competitive inhibition where binding occurs away from the active site
  3. Feedback inhibition where end products regulate pathway activity

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