Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell Structures
This page provides an overview of the fundamental differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, focusing on their structural components and characteristics. It serves as an essential introduction to cell structure GCSE topics.
Prokaryotic cells are described as small, simple, and unicellular organisms without a nucleus, with bacteria given as an example. The key components of a prokaryotic cell are listed, including the capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes, plasmid, and cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic cells are introduced as more complex structures containing a nucleus, encompassing all animal and plant cells. A typical eukaryotic cell is illustrated, showcasing various organelles such as the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
The page also provides detailed descriptions of animal cell structures, including:
- Nucleus: Controls cell activities and holds genetic information
- Cytoplasm: Site of chemical reactions and enzyme activity
- Cell membrane: Regulates substance movement in and out of the cell
- Mitochondria: Location of aerobic respiration and energy production
- Ribosomes: Site of protein synthesis
Vocabulary: Prokaryote - A single-celled organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
Vocabulary: Eukaryote - An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes.
Highlight: The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes.
Example: Bacteria are examples of prokaryotic cells, while animal and plant cells are eukaryotic.
The page concludes with a cross-section diagram of an animal cell, visually representing the various organelles and structures discussed. This diagram is crucial for understanding the animal cell GCSE curriculum.
