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Enzymes
01/02/2023
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Enzymes Enzymes: enzymes are biological catalysts that are made ↳ speed up rate of reaction. w/o being used up. of protein. without enzymes, our bodies would require more -activation energy to break down food. LOCK&KEY MODEL:11 enzyme (lock) A substrate. (key) active site. enzyme/substrate Complex. FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME ACTION. product 2231 P The substrate has a complimentary shape to the active site of the enzyme. The key (substrate) is specific to the lock (active site). At a high pH enzymes can denature. so activity is slow. € activity PH At a low pH, enzyme activity is slow, as enzymes denature.. At the optimum pH, enzyme activity optimum is quickest. acidic 31/01/23 enzyme product complex. Denature: active site changes shape.. no substrate bonding.. PH neutral high. alkaline. Substrate concentration. At a low substrate concentration, there is slow enzyme activity. This is because there are less collisions, so there fore less. enzyme / substrate complexes.. more enzymes than substrates. At a high substrate concentration, activity remains constant, because all of the active sites of enzymes are occupied no more els complexes made. The rate of reaction does not keep. increasing when substrate Goncentration. increases beyond the optimum because there are more substrates than enzymes. "active sites are occupied/saturated. To increase the ROR, the number of enzymes must be increased. enzyme activity. At a high temperature, enzymes denature.... high Temperature. At a low temperature, activity is slow because the enzymes. have less kinetic energy. This means there are less collisions between enzymes & substrates and therefore less els complexes, and 10W At the optimum temperature, enzymes have greater Kinetic energy...
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Alternative transcript:
so particles are faster: more collisions & e/s complexes. activity substrate conc low optimum temp high