Combined Biology Paper 1 - Part 2

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them to be resistant to an antibiotic 0 this means when you treat the infection, only the non- resistant strains of badlenia will be willed • the resistant bactenia will survive and reprod- uce, and the population of the resistant strain will increase. Developing Drugs Preclinical Testing: - drugs are tested on human cells and tissues. unless it affects the whole body or multiple systems. - drugs are then tested on animals to lest effucy effcacy, tority toricity and dosage Clinical Trials: -healthy volunteers - harmful side effects -lillness - optimum dose is found. - placebo- doctor can see actual difference Photosynthesis light carbon diotide + water → glucose + oxygen 600₂ 6H ₂0 Color CO, limiting factors • Light intensity! • Carbon Dioxide. Temperature A Photosynthesis Practical Photosunthesis Daygen Production 1) a source of white light is placed at a specific distance from the pondweed. 2) the pondweed is left to photo synthesise for an amount of time. as it photosynthesises, the ompen released is collected in the capillary tube 3) at the end, the syninge is used to draw the gas bubble in the tube alongside a ruler and the length of the gas bubble is measured. 4) repeat x2 with light source at the same. distance and the mean volume of 0₂ 3) whole experiment is repeated with light source at different distances from the pondweed light ✓ Source ar yas bubble syninge pondweed Light a intensity d² Photosynthesis practical Respiration/Metabolism Respiration is the process of Bransfering energy from glucose, which goes on in every cell. -exothermic Metabolism is all the chemical reactions in an organism. enzyme enzyme reachant product product enzyme product • some reactions, large molecules are made from smaller ones. ~other reactions, large molecules are broken down into smaller ones. Aerobic & Anaerobic Aerobic glucose + Oxygen → carbon dioride + water Sating + 60₂ 660₁ 6H ₂0 Anaerobic glucose lactic acid Anaerobic-plants and yeast glucose → ethand + carbon dioxide Exercise I muscles need energy from respiration to contract. When you exercise, your muscles. contract more frequently than normal so you need more energy - increased respiration 2) respiration increase = more oxygen 3) your breathing rate and breath volume increase to get more oxygen into the blood, and. your heart rate increases - this removes CO₂ quickly