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6 Dec 2025
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Comprehensive Biology Revision for Year 10 Mocks
Giovanna Mendoza
@iovannaendoza_di2agh
1 / 4
Cell Types: The Big Divide
Your cells are completely different from bacterial cells, and understanding why is crucial for biology. Eukaryotic cells (like yours) have their DNA safely tucked away in a nucleus, whilst prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) have their DNA floating freely in the cell.
Prokaryotic cells are brilliantly simple - they're basically just a bag of cytoplasm with some ribosomes and DNA floating about. Think of bacterial cells or archaea cells. They reproduce asexually, which means they just copy themselves.
Both cell types share some essentials though. Every cell needs cytoplasm , a plasma membrane (the boundary), ribosomes (protein factories), and often cilia or flagella (like tiny whips for movement).
Quick Check: Remember that "eu" means "true" - so eukaryotes have a "true nucleus"!
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells are the show-offs of the cell world - they're packed with specialised compartments called organelles. Animal cells have a cell membrane controlling entry, a nucleus housing DNA, mitochondria for energy, and ribosomes making proteins.
Plant cells get extra kit: chloroplasts for photosynthesis, a tough cell wall made of cellulose, and a permanent vacuole storing sap. Meanwhile, prokaryotic cells like bacteria keep things simple with their DNA in a ring called a plasmid.
The cell membrane is semi-permeable - it's picky about what gets in and out. Most bacteria and all plants have an extra cell wall for protection and structure.
Your cytoplasm isn't just filler - it's where most chemical reactions happen. Mitochondria are your cellular power stations, whilst ribosomes are busy building proteins 24/7.
Top Tip: Think of eukaryotic cells as organised offices with separate departments, whilst prokaryotic cells are like one-room workshops!
Cell Division: Making More Cells
When your body needs new cells, it uses cell division - a carefully controlled process that's essential for growth, repair, and reproduction. There are two main types you need to know about.
Mitosis is your body's photocopier - it produces two genetically identical daughter cells. This happens when you're growing or healing cuts. Your regular body cells are diploid, meaning they have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total).
Meiosis is different - it creates gametes (sex cells) with half the genetic material. These haploid cells have just 23 chromosomes each, so when sperm meets egg, you get back to the full 46.
Both processes are tightly regulated because mistakes can cause serious problems. Your DNA is stored in chromosomes within the nucleus, and humans have exactly 23 pairs in every normal cell.
Memory Hook: Mitosis = identical twins, Meiosis = unique gametes with half the chromosomes!
Levels of Organisation: Building You
Your body is like a perfectly organised company, built from the ground up in levels. Organelles are the smallest workers - things like the nucleus and mitochondria that do specific jobs within cells.
Cells are the basic building blocks, like root hair cells or muscle cells. When similar cells team up for a common purpose, they form tissues - muscle tissue contracts, whilst nerve tissue carries messages.
Organs are where different tissues collaborate. Your lungs combine muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood vessels to help you breathe. Organ systems take teamwork even further - your digestive system includes your stomach, intestines, liver, and more.
Finally, you're the organism - multiple organ systems working together brilliantly. From tiny organelles to the complete you, each level depends on the ones below it functioning properly.
Think About It: You're essentially trillions of cells working together so well that you can think about being trillions of cells!
We thought you’d never ask...
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Comprehensive Biology Revision for Year 10 Mocks
Giovanna Mendoza
@iovannaendoza_di2agh
Ever wondered what makes you different from bacteria? It all comes down to how your cells are organised! This guide breaks down the fundamental differences between cell types and shows you how your body builds itself from tiny organelles all... Show more
Cell Types: The Big Divide
Your cells are completely different from bacterial cells, and understanding why is crucial for biology. Eukaryotic cells (like yours) have their DNA safely tucked away in a nucleus, whilst prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) have their DNA floating freely in the cell.
Prokaryotic cells are brilliantly simple - they're basically just a bag of cytoplasm with some ribosomes and DNA floating about. Think of bacterial cells or archaea cells. They reproduce asexually, which means they just copy themselves.
Both cell types share some essentials though. Every cell needs cytoplasm , a plasma membrane (the boundary), ribosomes (protein factories), and often cilia or flagella (like tiny whips for movement).
Quick Check: Remember that "eu" means "true" - so eukaryotes have a "true nucleus"!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells are the show-offs of the cell world - they're packed with specialised compartments called organelles. Animal cells have a cell membrane controlling entry, a nucleus housing DNA, mitochondria for energy, and ribosomes making proteins.
Plant cells get extra kit: chloroplasts for photosynthesis, a tough cell wall made of cellulose, and a permanent vacuole storing sap. Meanwhile, prokaryotic cells like bacteria keep things simple with their DNA in a ring called a plasmid.
The cell membrane is semi-permeable - it's picky about what gets in and out. Most bacteria and all plants have an extra cell wall for protection and structure.
Your cytoplasm isn't just filler - it's where most chemical reactions happen. Mitochondria are your cellular power stations, whilst ribosomes are busy building proteins 24/7.
Top Tip: Think of eukaryotic cells as organised offices with separate departments, whilst prokaryotic cells are like one-room workshops!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Cell Division: Making More Cells
When your body needs new cells, it uses cell division - a carefully controlled process that's essential for growth, repair, and reproduction. There are two main types you need to know about.
Mitosis is your body's photocopier - it produces two genetically identical daughter cells. This happens when you're growing or healing cuts. Your regular body cells are diploid, meaning they have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total).
Meiosis is different - it creates gametes (sex cells) with half the genetic material. These haploid cells have just 23 chromosomes each, so when sperm meets egg, you get back to the full 46.
Both processes are tightly regulated because mistakes can cause serious problems. Your DNA is stored in chromosomes within the nucleus, and humans have exactly 23 pairs in every normal cell.
Memory Hook: Mitosis = identical twins, Meiosis = unique gametes with half the chromosomes!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Levels of Organisation: Building You
Your body is like a perfectly organised company, built from the ground up in levels. Organelles are the smallest workers - things like the nucleus and mitochondria that do specific jobs within cells.
Cells are the basic building blocks, like root hair cells or muscle cells. When similar cells team up for a common purpose, they form tissues - muscle tissue contracts, whilst nerve tissue carries messages.
Organs are where different tissues collaborate. Your lungs combine muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood vessels to help you breathe. Organ systems take teamwork even further - your digestive system includes your stomach, intestines, liver, and more.
Finally, you're the organism - multiple organ systems working together brilliantly. From tiny organelles to the complete you, each level depends on the ones below it functioning properly.
Think About It: You're essentially trillions of cells working together so well that you can think about being trillions of cells!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user