Photosynthesis Process and Leaf Adaptations
Photosynthesis is a complex process that occurs in the leaves of plants, involving several key components and adaptations.
The basic equation for photosynthesis is:
Highlight: 6 CO₂ + 6H₂O → C6H₁2O6 + 6O₂
This process takes place in chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll, the green pigment responsible for absorbing light energy.
Leaf adaptations for efficient photosynthesis include:
- Broad surface area to maximize light absorption
- Thin structure for short gas diffusion distances
- Veins for water and glucose transport
- Stomata for gas exchange
- Waxy cuticle for protection
Vocabulary: Chloroplasts - organelles where photosynthesis occurs
Vocabulary: Stomata - tiny pores in leaves that control gas exchange
The process involves several steps:
- Water absorption through root hair cells via osmosis
- Carbon dioxide diffusion into leaves through stomata
- Light energy absorption by chlorophyll in chloroplasts
- Conversion of light energy into chemical energy to produce glucose
- Oxygen release as a by-product
Definition: Photosynthesis - the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of sugar