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Cell Division and the Cell Cycle
Your body is constantly performing an amazing trick - creating perfect copies of cells. Every cell in your body contains chromosomes in its nucleus, which are like instruction manuals made of DNA that carry all your genes.
When cells need to divide (for growth or to replace damaged tissue), they go through the cell cycle. This process, called mitosis, ensures you get two identical daughter cells from one original cell. It's essential for everything from healing a scraped knee to growing taller.
The cell cycle happens in three main stages: first, the cell grows larger and makes copies of all its chromosomes and structures. Next, the copied chromosomes get pulled to opposite ends of the cell, and the nucleus splits in two. Finally, the cytoplasm divides, creating two identical cells ready to do their job.
Quick Tip: Remember that mitosis creates identical cells - this is different from the cell division that makes sex cells (gametes), which creates variation.
Stem Cells - The Body's Repair Kit
Imagine having cells that could become anything - brain cells, heart cells, or skin cells. That's exactly what stem cells are: undifferentiated cells that haven't decided what to become yet, giving them incredible potential for medical treatments.
Adult stem cells are found in specific places like your bone marrow. They're brilliant because there are fewer ethical concerns and they're already being used to treat diseases like leukaemia. However, they're quite limited - bone marrow stem cells can only become blood cells, not liver or brain cells.
Embryonic stem cells are the superstars of the stem cell world because they can become any type of cell in the human body. This means they could potentially treat a massive range of diseases or even grow replacement organs. The downside? They come from early embryos, which raises serious ethical questions about destroying potential human life.
Plant stem cells (found in the meristem) work similarly and are already being used to clone plants with desirable traits or save endangered species.
Remember: The more versatile a stem cell is, the more ethical controversy it tends to create.
Therapeutic Cloning - Personalised Medicine
Therapeutic cloning sounds like science fiction, but it's a real technique that could revolutionise medicine. The process is surprisingly straightforward: scientists take cells from a patient's body and use them to create a cloned early embryo that's genetically identical to the patient.
The genius of this approach lies in compatibility. Stem cells extracted from this cloned embryo share the same genes as the patient, dramatically reducing the risk of rejection when transplanted. It's like creating a personalised repair kit for your body.
This technique could potentially solve the problem of organ shortages and transplant rejection. Instead of waiting years for a donor match, patients might be able to grow their own replacement tissues and organs from their own genetic material.
Key Point: Therapeutic cloning focuses on growing tissues and organs for treatment, not creating cloned people - that's reproductive cloning, which is completely different.
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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
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Greenlight Bonnie
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very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
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I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
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THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Cell Division: Key Concepts and Processes
Cell division is fundamental to life - it's how you grew from a tiny baby into your current size, and it's constantly happening right now to replace your skin cells and heal cuts. Understanding how cells divide through mitosis and... Show more
Cell Division and the Cell Cycle
Your body is constantly performing an amazing trick - creating perfect copies of cells. Every cell in your body contains chromosomes in its nucleus, which are like instruction manuals made of DNA that carry all your genes.
When cells need to divide (for growth or to replace damaged tissue), they go through the cell cycle. This process, called mitosis, ensures you get two identical daughter cells from one original cell. It's essential for everything from healing a scraped knee to growing taller.
The cell cycle happens in three main stages: first, the cell grows larger and makes copies of all its chromosomes and structures. Next, the copied chromosomes get pulled to opposite ends of the cell, and the nucleus splits in two. Finally, the cytoplasm divides, creating two identical cells ready to do their job.
Quick Tip: Remember that mitosis creates identical cells - this is different from the cell division that makes sex cells (gametes), which creates variation.
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Stem Cells - The Body's Repair Kit
Imagine having cells that could become anything - brain cells, heart cells, or skin cells. That's exactly what stem cells are: undifferentiated cells that haven't decided what to become yet, giving them incredible potential for medical treatments.
Adult stem cells are found in specific places like your bone marrow. They're brilliant because there are fewer ethical concerns and they're already being used to treat diseases like leukaemia. However, they're quite limited - bone marrow stem cells can only become blood cells, not liver or brain cells.
Embryonic stem cells are the superstars of the stem cell world because they can become any type of cell in the human body. This means they could potentially treat a massive range of diseases or even grow replacement organs. The downside? They come from early embryos, which raises serious ethical questions about destroying potential human life.
Plant stem cells (found in the meristem) work similarly and are already being used to clone plants with desirable traits or save endangered species.
Remember: The more versatile a stem cell is, the more ethical controversy it tends to create.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Therapeutic Cloning - Personalised Medicine
Therapeutic cloning sounds like science fiction, but it's a real technique that could revolutionise medicine. The process is surprisingly straightforward: scientists take cells from a patient's body and use them to create a cloned early embryo that's genetically identical to the patient.
The genius of this approach lies in compatibility. Stem cells extracted from this cloned embryo share the same genes as the patient, dramatically reducing the risk of rejection when transplanted. It's like creating a personalised repair kit for your body.
This technique could potentially solve the problem of organ shortages and transplant rejection. Instead of waiting years for a donor match, patients might be able to grow their own replacement tissues and organs from their own genetic material.
Key Point: Therapeutic cloning focuses on growing tissues and organs for treatment, not creating cloned people - that's reproductive cloning, which is completely different.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
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The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
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very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user