Živalske celice so kot majhna mesteca v našem telesu –... Show more
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Updated May 20, 2026
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Osnovna zgradba in funkcije živalske celice
1 / 5
Osnove živalske celice
Predstavljaj si živalsko celico kot super organizirano miniaturno tovarno, ki je tako majhna, da jo vidiš le z mikroskopom. Vendar pa je to prava mala čudežna naprava – vsak del ima svojo specifično nalogo, skupaj pa omogočajo življenje.
Celica je osnovna enota vseh živih bitij, vključno s teboj. V tvojem telesu imaš milijarde takšnih celic! Znotraj vsake celice najdeš organele – to so kot majhni "organi" celice, podobno kot imaš ti srce, pljuča in želodec.
Trije najpomembnejši deli, ki si jih moraš zapomniti, so: celična membrana (zunanji ovoj), citoplazma (želejasta snov v sredini) in jedro (kontrolni center z DNK).
💡 Zabaven dejstvo: V enem človeškem telesu je okoli 37 bilijonov celic – to je več kot je zvezd v naši galaksiji!
Celična membrana in citoplazma
Celična membrana je kot pameten varnostnik na vhodu v klub – odloča, kdo lahko vstopi in kdo mora ven. Ta tanka, prožna plast obdaja celico in skrbi, da pridejo noter samo koristne snovi (voda, hrana), ven pa gredo odpadki.
Citoplazma je kot gosto žele, ki zapolnjuje celico. Večinoma je sestavljena iz vode, v kateri plavajo različne snovi kot sladkorji in beljakovine. Tu se dogajajo pomembne kemijske reakcije za življenje celice.
V citoplazmi "plavajo" vsi organeli – podobno kot plava pohištvo v poplavljeni sobi. To ni le prazen prostor, temveč aktivno okolje, kjer se dogaja večina celičnega dela.
💡 Koristno za test: Zapomni si, da celična membrana IZBIRA, kaj gre noter in ven – ni le pasivna ovira!
Jedro in energetski organeli
Jedro je "direktor" celice – največji organel, obdan z lastno ovojnico. Vsebuje DNK, dedno snov z vsemi navodili za delovanje celice. Če bi bila celica tovarna, bi bilo jedro pisarna direktorja z vsemi načrti.
Mitohondriji so prave elektrarne celice! Tu poteka celično dihanje, proces, pri katerem se iz hrane sprošča energija. Kolikor več energije celica potrebuje, toliko več mitohondrijev ima – mišične celice so polne mitohondrijev.
Ribosomi so majhne tovarne za izdelavo beljakovin. Beljakovine so kot delavci in gradniki celice – brez njih se ne zgodi nič pomembnega.
💡 Pametna povezava: Če si športno aktiven, imaš v mišičnih celicah več mitohondrijev za dodatno energijo!
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Osnovna zgradba in funkcije živalske celice
Živalske celice so kot majhna mesteca v našem telesu – čeprav jih ne vidimo z golim očesom, vsaka opravlja ključne naloge za naše preživetje. Vsaka celica ima svoje "organe" in oddelke, ki delujejo skupaj kot popolno namazana tovarna.
Osnove živalske celice
Predstavljaj si živalsko celico kot super organizirano miniaturno tovarno, ki je tako majhna, da jo vidiš le z mikroskopom. Vendar pa je to prava mala čudežna naprava – vsak del ima svojo specifično nalogo, skupaj pa omogočajo življenje.
Celica je osnovna enota vseh živih bitij, vključno s teboj. V tvojem telesu imaš milijarde takšnih celic! Znotraj vsake celice najdeš organele – to so kot majhni "organi" celice, podobno kot imaš ti srce, pljuča in želodec.
Trije najpomembnejši deli, ki si jih moraš zapomniti, so: celična membrana (zunanji ovoj), citoplazma (želejasta snov v sredini) in jedro (kontrolni center z DNK).
💡 Zabaven dejstvo: V enem človeškem telesu je okoli 37 bilijonov celic – to je več kot je zvezd v naši galaksiji!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Celična membrana in citoplazma
Celična membrana je kot pameten varnostnik na vhodu v klub – odloča, kdo lahko vstopi in kdo mora ven. Ta tanka, prožna plast obdaja celico in skrbi, da pridejo noter samo koristne snovi (voda, hrana), ven pa gredo odpadki.
Citoplazma je kot gosto žele, ki zapolnjuje celico. Večinoma je sestavljena iz vode, v kateri plavajo različne snovi kot sladkorji in beljakovine. Tu se dogajajo pomembne kemijske reakcije za življenje celice.
V citoplazmi "plavajo" vsi organeli – podobno kot plava pohištvo v poplavljeni sobi. To ni le prazen prostor, temveč aktivno okolje, kjer se dogaja večina celičnega dela.
💡 Koristno za test: Zapomni si, da celična membrana IZBIRA, kaj gre noter in ven – ni le pasivna ovira!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Jedro in energetski organeli
Jedro je "direktor" celice – največji organel, obdan z lastno ovojnico. Vsebuje DNK, dedno snov z vsemi navodili za delovanje celice. Če bi bila celica tovarna, bi bilo jedro pisarna direktorja z vsemi načrti.
Mitohondriji so prave elektrarne celice! Tu poteka celično dihanje, proces, pri katerem se iz hrane sprošča energija. Kolikor več energije celica potrebuje, toliko več mitohondrijev ima – mišične celice so polne mitohondrijev.
Ribosomi so majhne tovarne za izdelavo beljakovin. Beljakovine so kot delavci in gradniki celice – brez njih se ne zgodi nič pomembnega.
💡 Pametna povezava: Če si športno aktiven, imaš v mišičnih celicah več mitohondrijev za dodatno energijo!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in Biologija
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user