Če si se kadarkoli vprašal, zakaj so bakterije tako drugačne... Show more
Biologija
Matematika
Angleščina
GeografijaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
42
•
Updated Apr 11, 2026
•
Prokariontske in Evkariontske Celice: Glavne Razlike
1 / 6
Prokariontske in evkariontske celice - osnove
Ti dve vrsti celic sta kot različici avtomobila - oba te pripeljeta do cilja, vendar delujeta povsem drugače. Prokariontske celice so kot stari, preprost avto brez vseh modernih funkcij, medtem ko so evkariontske celice kot najnovejši model z vsemi možnimi dodatki.
Glavna razlika je v tem, ali ima celica pravo jedro ali ne. To je kot razlika med hišo z ločenimi sobami (evkarionti) in studio apartmajem, kjer je vse v eni sobi (prokarionti). Če razumeš to osnovno razliko, boš zlahka prepoznal obe vrsti celic.
Vsi ribosomi so skupna lastnost obeh vrst celic - potrebni so za izdelavo beljakovin. To je pomembno, ker pomeni, da imajo tudi najenostavnejši organizmi osnovne "tovarne" za življenje.
💡 Zapomniti si: Če ima celica jedro = evkariont, če nima jedra = prokariont. To je osnovno pravilo!
Prokariontske celice - enostavne, a uspešne
Prokariontske celice so stare približno 3,8 milijarde let in so prve oblike življenja na Zemlji. Beseda "prokariont" dobesedno pomeni "pred jedrom", kar ti pove vse, kar potrebuješ vedeti.
Njihova DNK se ne skriva v jedru, ampak prosto plava po citoplazmi v območju, ki mu pravimo nukleoid. Predstavljaj si to kot pisalno mizo brez predalov - vsi dokumenti so preprosto razloženi po površini. Celica je majhna in nima nobenih organelov z membrano.
Kljub svoji enostavnosti so prokariontske celice izjemno uspešne. Bakterije lahko preživijo v najhujših pogojih - od vrele vode do ledu. Njihova enostavnost jim omogoča hitro razmnoževanje in prilagajanje.
💡 Zanimivost: Prokariontske celice so vedno enocelični organizmi, vendar jih je na Zemlji več kot vseh drugih organizmov skupaj!
Evkariontske celice - kompleksne življenjske tovarne
Evkariontske celice so se pojavile približno milijardo let pozneje in so kot dobro organiziran pisarniški kompleks. Vsak organel ima svojo specifično nalogo, podobno kot ima vsak oddelek v podjetju svojo funkcijo.
Jedro je kot direktorska pisarna - tam so shranjeni vsi pomembni dokumenti (DNK) in se sprejemajo ključne odločitve. Mitohondriji so kot elektrarne, ki proizvajajo energijo, endoplazmatski retikulum pa kot transportni sistem, ki razvozi materiale po celici.
Rastlinske evkariontske celice imajo dodatne organe - kloroplaste za fotosintezo in veliko vakuolo za shranjevanje vode. To je kot da bi imele dodatno fabriko za proizvodnjo hrane iz sončne svetlobe.
Te celice so veliko večje in lahko živijo same ali pa se združujejo v večcelične organizme kot si ti.
💡 Praktični nasvet: Za test si zapomni organele kot specializirane "delavce" - vsak ima svojo službo v celični tovarni!
Ključne razlike za test
Ne zapletaj si preveč - za test potrebuješ predvsem tabelo primerjav, ki ti bo pomagala hitro prepoznati tip celice. Glavna razlika je vedno prisotnost ali odsotnost jedra.
Prokariontska celica: Brez jedra, DNK v nukeoidu, majhna , vedno enocelična, primer so bakterije. Evkariontska celica: Z jedrom, DNK v kromosomih, večja , lahko večcelična, primeri so rastline in živali.
Obe vrsti celic imata celično membrano, citoplazmo in ribosome - to so osnovni "sestavni deli" življenja. Razlika je v kompleksnosti organizacije, ne v osnovnih življenjskih procesih.
Spominska pomoč: PRO = PRED (pred jedrom), EU = PRAVO (pravo jedro). Tako si boš zlahka zapomnil razliko.
💡 Za odličen test: Narišeš lahko preprosto skico obeh celic z oznakami - to ti bo pomagalo pri vizualni predstavi!
Primeri za boljše razumevanje
Ko pogledaš pod mikroskop bakterijo E. coli, vidiš majhno, preprosto celico brez jasno ločenih predelov. To je prokariontska celica - njen dedni material je razpršen po vsej notranjosti.
Nasprotno, celica iz tvoje kože kaže jasno jedrno strukturo in različne organele. Mitohondrijev je polno - potrebuješ veliko energije za vse svoje aktivnosti! To je tipična evkariontska celica.
Rastlinska celica iz lista je posebna evkariontska celica z dodatnimi funkcijami. Kloroplasti jo naredijo zeleno in ji omogočajo, da iz svetlobe naredi hrano. Velika vakuola jo ohranja togo, kot balon, napolnjen z vodo.
💡 Praktični nasvet: Na testu te bodo vprašali o primerih - zapomni si E. coli za prokarionte in svojo kožo za evkarionte!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in Biologija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Prokariontske in Evkariontske Celice: Glavne Razlike
Če si se kadarkoli vprašal, zakaj so bakterije tako drugačne od tebe ali od rastlin, je odgovor skrit v tem, kako so zgrajene njihove celice. Vse živo je narejeno iz celic, vendar obstajata dve popolnoma različni vrsti - prokariontske in... Show more
Prokariontske in evkariontske celice - osnove
Ti dve vrsti celic sta kot različici avtomobila - oba te pripeljeta do cilja, vendar delujeta povsem drugače. Prokariontske celice so kot stari, preprost avto brez vseh modernih funkcij, medtem ko so evkariontske celice kot najnovejši model z vsemi možnimi dodatki.
Glavna razlika je v tem, ali ima celica pravo jedro ali ne. To je kot razlika med hišo z ločenimi sobami (evkarionti) in studio apartmajem, kjer je vse v eni sobi (prokarionti). Če razumeš to osnovno razliko, boš zlahka prepoznal obe vrsti celic.
Vsi ribosomi so skupna lastnost obeh vrst celic - potrebni so za izdelavo beljakovin. To je pomembno, ker pomeni, da imajo tudi najenostavnejši organizmi osnovne "tovarne" za življenje.
💡 Zapomniti si: Če ima celica jedro = evkariont, če nima jedra = prokariont. To je osnovno pravilo!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Prokariontske celice - enostavne, a uspešne
Prokariontske celice so stare približno 3,8 milijarde let in so prve oblike življenja na Zemlji. Beseda "prokariont" dobesedno pomeni "pred jedrom", kar ti pove vse, kar potrebuješ vedeti.
Njihova DNK se ne skriva v jedru, ampak prosto plava po citoplazmi v območju, ki mu pravimo nukleoid. Predstavljaj si to kot pisalno mizo brez predalov - vsi dokumenti so preprosto razloženi po površini. Celica je majhna in nima nobenih organelov z membrano.
Kljub svoji enostavnosti so prokariontske celice izjemno uspešne. Bakterije lahko preživijo v najhujših pogojih - od vrele vode do ledu. Njihova enostavnost jim omogoča hitro razmnoževanje in prilagajanje.
💡 Zanimivost: Prokariontske celice so vedno enocelični organizmi, vendar jih je na Zemlji več kot vseh drugih organizmov skupaj!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Evkariontske celice - kompleksne življenjske tovarne
Evkariontske celice so se pojavile približno milijardo let pozneje in so kot dobro organiziran pisarniški kompleks. Vsak organel ima svojo specifično nalogo, podobno kot ima vsak oddelek v podjetju svojo funkcijo.
Jedro je kot direktorska pisarna - tam so shranjeni vsi pomembni dokumenti (DNK) in se sprejemajo ključne odločitve. Mitohondriji so kot elektrarne, ki proizvajajo energijo, endoplazmatski retikulum pa kot transportni sistem, ki razvozi materiale po celici.
Rastlinske evkariontske celice imajo dodatne organe - kloroplaste za fotosintezo in veliko vakuolo za shranjevanje vode. To je kot da bi imele dodatno fabriko za proizvodnjo hrane iz sončne svetlobe.
Te celice so veliko večje in lahko živijo same ali pa se združujejo v večcelične organizme kot si ti.
💡 Praktični nasvet: Za test si zapomni organele kot specializirane "delavce" - vsak ima svojo službo v celični tovarni!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Ključne razlike za test
Ne zapletaj si preveč - za test potrebuješ predvsem tabelo primerjav, ki ti bo pomagala hitro prepoznati tip celice. Glavna razlika je vedno prisotnost ali odsotnost jedra.
Prokariontska celica: Brez jedra, DNK v nukeoidu, majhna , vedno enocelična, primer so bakterije. Evkariontska celica: Z jedrom, DNK v kromosomih, večja , lahko večcelična, primeri so rastline in živali.
Obe vrsti celic imata celično membrano, citoplazmo in ribosome - to so osnovni "sestavni deli" življenja. Razlika je v kompleksnosti organizacije, ne v osnovnih življenjskih procesih.
Spominska pomoč: PRO = PRED (pred jedrom), EU = PRAVO (pravo jedro). Tako si boš zlahka zapomnil razliko.
💡 Za odličen test: Narišeš lahko preprosto skico obeh celic z oznakami - to ti bo pomagalo pri vizualni predstavi!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Primeri za boljše razumevanje
Ko pogledaš pod mikroskop bakterijo E. coli, vidiš majhno, preprosto celico brez jasno ločenih predelov. To je prokariontska celica - njen dedni material je razpršen po vsej notranjosti.
Nasprotno, celica iz tvoje kože kaže jasno jedrno strukturo in različne organele. Mitohondrijev je polno - potrebuješ veliko energije za vse svoje aktivnosti! To je tipična evkariontska celica.
Rastlinska celica iz lista je posebna evkariontska celica z dodatnimi funkcijami. Kloroplasti jo naredijo zeleno in ji omogočajo, da iz svetlobe naredi hrano. Velika vakuola jo ohranja togo, kot balon, napolnjen z vodo.
💡 Praktični nasvet: Na testu te bodo vprašali o primerih - zapomni si E. coli za prokarionte in svojo kožo za evkarionte!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content in Biologija
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user