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17 Feb 2023
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Rutter's Romanian Orphan Study: Effects of Institutionalisation on Kids
Effects of Institutionalisation and Evaluation
The Romanian orphan studies have revealed several significant effects of institutionalisation psychology, particularly in the areas of attachment and cognitive development.
Disinhibited attachment is a notable effect of spending time in an institution. Children with this attachment pattern are equally affectionate towards people they know and strangers, which is unusual as most children typically show stranger anxiety at this age. This behavior could be attributed to the experience of being cared for by multiple caregivers, none of whom they formed a secure attachment with.
Definition: Stranger anxiety is a normal developmental stage where infants and young children become fearful of unfamiliar people.
Mental retardation was another observed effect, with many children showing signs of cognitive delays upon arrival in Britain. However, a crucial finding was that those adopted before 6 months of age caught up with the control group by age 4. This suggests that damage to intellectual development due to institutionalization can be recovered if adoption occurs before the critical period of attachment formation at around 6 months.
Highlight: The Romanian orphan study evaluation indicates that early intervention, particularly before 6 months of age, can significantly mitigate the negative effects of institutionalization.
These studies have significant real-life applications, enhancing our understanding of the effects of institutionalisation Romanian orphans and influencing childcare practices. As a result, orphanages and children's homes now aim to have only a couple of carers per child, promoting more stable and nurturing relationships.
However, it's important to note some limitations of these studies. The conditions in Romanian orphanages were exceptionally poor, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, other orphan studies often involve children who experienced loss or trauma before institutionalization, making it challenging to isolate the effects of institutionalization alone.
Example: The Rutter Romanian orphan study is considered more controlled than other orphan studies due to fewer extraneous variables.
Ethical considerations are also crucial when evaluating these studies. In the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, for instance, Romanian orphans were randomly allocated to institutional care or fostering, raising questions about the ethics of such experimental designs in vulnerable populations.
Lastly, it's important to note that the long-term effects of institutionalization are not yet fully clear. More time and research are needed to determine whether the observed effects are short-term or persist into adulthood.
Quote: "It's too soon to say whether the children suffered short or long-term effects," highlighting the need for continued longitudinal research in this area.
Romanian Orphan Studies: Effects of Institutionalisation
The Romanian orphan studies have been instrumental in understanding the effects of institutionalisation on child development. These studies focus on children who were placed in orphanages during Romania's communist era, providing valuable insights into the consequences of early deprivation and the potential for recovery.
Definition: Institutionalisation refers to the practice of caring for children in large residential facilities rather than in family-based settings.
One of the most significant studies in this field is Rutter's ERA study. Rutter and colleagues conducted a longitudinal study of 165 Romanian orphans adopted in Britain, assessing their physical, cognitive, and emotional development at ages 4, 6, 11, and 15. They compared these children to a control group of 52 adopted British children.
Highlight: The study found that Romanian orphans showed signs of delayed intellectual development and undernourishment upon arrival in the UK.
The findings revealed differential rates of recovery at age 11, depending on when the children were adopted. Notably, those adopted after 6 months of age exhibited disinhibited attachment, characterized by symptoms of clinginess and attention-seeking behavior.
Vocabulary: Disinhibited attachment is a pattern of indiscriminate sociability where children show a lack of selectivity in their attachment behaviors.
Another significant study in this field is the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. Zeanah et al. used the Strange Situation procedure to study 95 children aged 12-31 months who had spent most of their lives in institutionalized care. They compared these children to a control group of 50 who had never lived in care.
Example: In the Strange Situation procedure, researchers observe a child's reactions to separation from and reunion with their caregiver in an unfamiliar environment.
The results of this study were striking: while 74% of the control group were securely attached, only 19% of the institutionalized group showed secure attachment. Furthermore, 44% of the institutionalized group displayed disinhibited attachment, compared to less than 20% in the control group.
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This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Rutter's Romanian Orphan Study: Effects of Institutionalisation on Kids
The Romanian orphan studies provide crucial insights into the effects of institutionalisation on childdevelopment. These studies, particularly the work of Rutter and colleagues, have significantly contributed to our understanding of attachment, cognitive development, and the long-term impacts of early... Show more
Effects of Institutionalisation and Evaluation
The Romanian orphan studies have revealed several significant effects of institutionalisation psychology, particularly in the areas of attachment and cognitive development.
Disinhibited attachment is a notable effect of spending time in an institution. Children with this attachment pattern are equally affectionate towards people they know and strangers, which is unusual as most children typically show stranger anxiety at this age. This behavior could be attributed to the experience of being cared for by multiple caregivers, none of whom they formed a secure attachment with.
Definition: Stranger anxiety is a normal developmental stage where infants and young children become fearful of unfamiliar people.
Mental retardation was another observed effect, with many children showing signs of cognitive delays upon arrival in Britain. However, a crucial finding was that those adopted before 6 months of age caught up with the control group by age 4. This suggests that damage to intellectual development due to institutionalization can be recovered if adoption occurs before the critical period of attachment formation at around 6 months.
Highlight: The Romanian orphan study evaluation indicates that early intervention, particularly before 6 months of age, can significantly mitigate the negative effects of institutionalization.
These studies have significant real-life applications, enhancing our understanding of the effects of institutionalisation Romanian orphans and influencing childcare practices. As a result, orphanages and children's homes now aim to have only a couple of carers per child, promoting more stable and nurturing relationships.
However, it's important to note some limitations of these studies. The conditions in Romanian orphanages were exceptionally poor, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, other orphan studies often involve children who experienced loss or trauma before institutionalization, making it challenging to isolate the effects of institutionalization alone.
Example: The Rutter Romanian orphan study is considered more controlled than other orphan studies due to fewer extraneous variables.
Ethical considerations are also crucial when evaluating these studies. In the Bucharest Early Intervention Project, for instance, Romanian orphans were randomly allocated to institutional care or fostering, raising questions about the ethics of such experimental designs in vulnerable populations.
Lastly, it's important to note that the long-term effects of institutionalization are not yet fully clear. More time and research are needed to determine whether the observed effects are short-term or persist into adulthood.
Quote: "It's too soon to say whether the children suffered short or long-term effects," highlighting the need for continued longitudinal research in this area.
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Romanian Orphan Studies: Effects of Institutionalisation
The Romanian orphan studies have been instrumental in understanding the effects of institutionalisation on child development. These studies focus on children who were placed in orphanages during Romania's communist era, providing valuable insights into the consequences of early deprivation and the potential for recovery.
Definition: Institutionalisation refers to the practice of caring for children in large residential facilities rather than in family-based settings.
One of the most significant studies in this field is Rutter's ERA study. Rutter and colleagues conducted a longitudinal study of 165 Romanian orphans adopted in Britain, assessing their physical, cognitive, and emotional development at ages 4, 6, 11, and 15. They compared these children to a control group of 52 adopted British children.
Highlight: The study found that Romanian orphans showed signs of delayed intellectual development and undernourishment upon arrival in the UK.
The findings revealed differential rates of recovery at age 11, depending on when the children were adopted. Notably, those adopted after 6 months of age exhibited disinhibited attachment, characterized by symptoms of clinginess and attention-seeking behavior.
Vocabulary: Disinhibited attachment is a pattern of indiscriminate sociability where children show a lack of selectivity in their attachment behaviors.
Another significant study in this field is the Bucharest Early Intervention Project. Zeanah et al. used the Strange Situation procedure to study 95 children aged 12-31 months who had spent most of their lives in institutionalized care. They compared these children to a control group of 50 who had never lived in care.
Example: In the Strange Situation procedure, researchers observe a child's reactions to separation from and reunion with their caregiver in an unfamiliar environment.
The results of this study were striking: while 74% of the control group were securely attached, only 19% of the institutionalized group showed secure attachment. Furthermore, 44% of the institutionalized group displayed disinhibited attachment, compared to less than 20% in the control group.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user