Loneliness and the Value of Friendship

Steinbeck uses Candy to explore themes of loneliness and the importance of companionship in 1930s American society. The relationship between Candy and his old dog serves as a metaphor for the character's own situation and the broader theme of friendship in the novella.

Example: The description of Candy's dog as "old, dragfooted and grey of muzzle with pale, blind eyes" mirrors Candy's own aging and diminished physical capabilities.

The author emphasizes the profound impact of loneliness on individuals through Candy's reaction to the loss of his dog. This event transforms Candy from a talkative, friendly character to a silent, emotionally withdrawn figure, highlighting the devastating effects of isolation.

Quote: "Candy 'squirmed with discomfort'" at the thought of losing his only friend, underscoring the vital role of companionship in maintaining emotional well-being.

Steinbeck illustrates the transformative power of friendship when Candy joins George and Lennie's dream of owning a farm. This newfound connection instills confidence and hope in Candy, demonstrating how companionship can provide strength and resilience in the face of adversity.

Quote: "We gonna do it... George, Lennie an' me."

This statement reflects Candy's pride in his new friendships and the sense of belonging he derives from them.

The American Dream and Its Fragility

Steinbeck uses Candy's character to explore the significance and ultimate fragility of the American Dream in 1930s society. Initially portrayed as hopeless and fearful of becoming worthless, Candy's eager embrace of George and Lennie's dream represents the widespread desire for belonging and purpose during this challenging era.

Highlight: Candy's willingness to contribute financially to the dream, even after his potential death, emphasizes the strength of friendship and the power of shared aspirations in a harsh society.

The author uses Candy's involvement in the dream to illustrate both the hope it provides and its ultimate unattainability for many Americans during the Great Depression. This portrayal serves as a commentary on the elusive nature of the American Dream and the obstacles faced by marginalized individuals in pursuing it.

Definition: American Dream - The ideal that every US citizen should have an equal opportunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work, determination, and initiative.

Through Candy's journey, Steinbeck highlights the complex interplay between hope, friendship, and the harsh realities of 1930s American society, offering a nuanced exploration of the human spirit in the face of adversity.

Candy's Introduction and Societal Commentary

John Steinbeck introduces Candy as a character who embodies the struggles of older and disabled men in 1930s America. As the "old swamper" on the ranch, Candy's role highlights the limited opportunities available to those with disabilities during this era. His position as a cleaner after losing his hand in a work accident underscores the harsh realities faced by individuals who could no longer perform their original jobs.

Highlight: Candy serves as a narrative vehicle, introducing George and Lennie to other characters and providing insight into the ranch's social dynamics.

Steinbeck uses Candy to illustrate the prevalent prejudices against minorities, particularly the elderly and disabled, in American society during the Great Depression. The character's fear of being sent to the "country" (workhouses) when he can no longer work emphasizes the lack of social support systems for vulnerable individuals.

Quote: "Jus' as soon as I can't swamp out no bunk house they'll put me on the country."

This quote reflects Candy's deep-seated fear of becoming obsolete and discarded by society, a common concern among older workers during this period.

Vocabulary: Swamper - A person who cleans or does menial work, often in a bunkhouse or similar setting.

The author draws parallels between Candy's situation and that of his old dog, both representing individuals who have outlived their perceived usefulness in a society that values productivity above all else.