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Responding to change (a2 only)
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Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
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Substance exchange
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Genetic information & variation
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
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Show all topics
English Literature
11 Dec 2025
9,172
7 pages
Martha Hobbs @marthahobbs_
A Christmas Carol is a transformative tale exploring themes of greed, redemption, and social responsibility through Scrooge's... Show more
The Ghost of Christmas Past reveals Scrooge's transformation from an innocent child to a money-obsessed adult, providing crucial context for understanding his character.
Quote "Another idol has displaced me" - Belle to young Scrooge
Definition The Ghost of Christmas Past represents memory and reflection
Highlight Fezziwig's party scene contrasts Scrooge's current treatment of employees
This stave showcases the consequences of Scrooge's actions on others, particularly through the Cratchit family and Tiny Tim.
Vocabulary Ignorance and Want - symbolic children representing societal problems
Quote "If they'd rather die, they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population"
Highlight The Ghost of Christmas Present reveals the joy Scrooge denies himself
The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come presents the darkest vision of Scrooge's potential future, catalyzing his transformation.
Example The scene of Scrooge's own death bed demonstrates the consequences of isolation
Highlight This stave represents the climax of Scrooge's moral journey
The final stave shows Scrooge's character transformation complete, as he embraces charity and human connection.
Quote "I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel"
Highlight Scrooge's transformation is demonstrated through his actions toward the Cratchits and his nephew
The novella explores various relationships that influence Scrooge's development
Definition Marley serves as a cautionary tale of greed's consequences
Example Bob Cratchit represents the working class and victims of social inequality
Highlight Fezziwig demonstrates the positive impact of generous leadership
The story weaves together multiple themes including greed in A Christmas Carol, redemption, and social responsibility.
Vocabulary Biblical allusions throughout reinforce moral messages
Definition Redemption is presented as possible for even the most hardened characters
Highlight Fire serves as a recurring motif symbolizing both warmth and danger
The opening stave introduces Ebenezer Scrooge as a miserly businessman on Christmas Eve. His character embodies the theme of greed in A Christmas Carol, demonstrated through his treatment of employees and rejection of Christmas spirit.
Quote "Hard and sharp as flint" - describing Scrooge's initial character
Highlight Marley's ghost serves as a warning of the consequences of greed and isolation
Example Scrooge's refusal to donate to charity demonstrates his initial moral state
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
606
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore the complexities of Arthur Birling in J.B. Priestley's 'An Inspector Calls'. This character analysis delves into Birling's ambitious nature, capitalist views, and his interactions with other characters like Eva Smith and Inspector Goole. Understand his role in the play's themes of social responsibility and class conflict. Ideal for students studying character development and thematic elements in literature.
English LiteratureExplore key quotes and character traits of Mr. Birling from Act 1 of 'An Inspector Calls'. This analysis delves into his self-importance, business mindset, and social hierarchy, providing definitions and context for critical vocabulary. Ideal for students studying character development and themes in the play.
English LiteratureExplore a detailed analysis of Curley from 'Of Mice and Men', focusing on his egoism, aggression, and insecurities. This characterization highlights key traits such as his privileged background, violent tendencies, and neglectful relationship with his wife. Ideal for exam preparation and understanding character dynamics in literature.
English LiteratureExplore a detailed analysis of Act 1 Scene 6 from Shakespeare's 'Macbeth'. This summary highlights key themes, character interactions, and the manipulative dynamics between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as they host King Duncan. Ideal for students studying Shakespearean literature and character motivations.
English LanguageExplore in-depth character analyses of Utterson, Jekyll, Hyde, and Lanyon in 'Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde'. This study guide covers key themes, historical context, and significant quotes, providing essential insights for exam preparation. Ideal for students seeking to understand character development and thematic connections in this classic novella.
English LiteratureExplore the pervasive theme of death in Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet'. This analysis delves into how death serves as a catalyst for change, foreshadows tragedy, and highlights the fragility of love amidst the backdrop of an ancient family feud. Key concepts include the inevitability of death, the impact of fate, and the consequences of extreme love. Ideal for students studying literature and drama.
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Martha Hobbs
@marthahobbs_
A Christmas Carol is a transformative tale exploring themes of greed, redemption, and social responsibility through Scrooge's character transformation. The novella, written in 1843, follows Ebenezer Scrooge's journey from a miserly businessman to a compassionate individual through supernatural... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Ghost of Christmas Past reveals Scrooge's transformation from an innocent child to a money-obsessed adult, providing crucial context for understanding his character.
Quote: "Another idol has displaced me" - Belle to young Scrooge
Definition: The Ghost of Christmas Past represents memory and reflection
Highlight: Fezziwig's party scene contrasts Scrooge's current treatment of employees
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This stave showcases the consequences of Scrooge's actions on others, particularly through the Cratchit family and Tiny Tim.
Vocabulary: Ignorance and Want - symbolic children representing societal problems
Quote: "If they'd rather die, they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population"
Highlight: The Ghost of Christmas Present reveals the joy Scrooge denies himself
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come presents the darkest vision of Scrooge's potential future, catalyzing his transformation.
Example: The scene of Scrooge's own death bed demonstrates the consequences of isolation
Highlight: This stave represents the climax of Scrooge's moral journey
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The final stave shows Scrooge's character transformation complete, as he embraces charity and human connection.
Quote: "I am as light as a feather, I am as happy as an angel"
Highlight: Scrooge's transformation is demonstrated through his actions toward the Cratchits and his nephew
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The novella explores various relationships that influence Scrooge's development:
Definition: Marley serves as a cautionary tale of greed's consequences
Example: Bob Cratchit represents the working class and victims of social inequality
Highlight: Fezziwig demonstrates the positive impact of generous leadership
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The story weaves together multiple themes including greed in A Christmas Carol, redemption, and social responsibility.
Vocabulary: Biblical allusions throughout reinforce moral messages
Definition: Redemption is presented as possible for even the most hardened characters
Highlight: Fire serves as a recurring motif symbolizing both warmth and danger
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The opening stave introduces Ebenezer Scrooge as a miserly businessman on Christmas Eve. His character embodies the theme of greed in A Christmas Carol, demonstrated through his treatment of employees and rejection of Christmas spirit.
Quote: "Hard and sharp as flint" - describing Scrooge's initial character
Highlight: Marley's ghost serves as a warning of the consequences of greed and isolation
Example: Scrooge's refusal to donate to charity demonstrates his initial moral state
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
606
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore the complexities of Arthur Birling in J.B. Priestley's 'An Inspector Calls'. This character analysis delves into Birling's ambitious nature, capitalist views, and his interactions with other characters like Eva Smith and Inspector Goole. Understand his role in the play's themes of social responsibility and class conflict. Ideal for students studying character development and thematic elements in literature.
English LiteratureExplore key quotes and character traits of Mr. Birling from Act 1 of 'An Inspector Calls'. This analysis delves into his self-importance, business mindset, and social hierarchy, providing definitions and context for critical vocabulary. Ideal for students studying character development and themes in the play.
English LiteratureExplore a detailed analysis of Curley from 'Of Mice and Men', focusing on his egoism, aggression, and insecurities. This characterization highlights key traits such as his privileged background, violent tendencies, and neglectful relationship with his wife. Ideal for exam preparation and understanding character dynamics in literature.
English LiteratureExplore a detailed analysis of Act 1 Scene 6 from Shakespeare's 'Macbeth'. This summary highlights key themes, character interactions, and the manipulative dynamics between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth as they host King Duncan. Ideal for students studying Shakespearean literature and character motivations.
English LanguageExplore in-depth character analyses of Utterson, Jekyll, Hyde, and Lanyon in 'Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde'. This study guide covers key themes, historical context, and significant quotes, providing essential insights for exam preparation. Ideal for students seeking to understand character development and thematic connections in this classic novella.
English LiteratureExplore the pervasive theme of death in Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet'. This analysis delves into how death serves as a catalyst for change, foreshadows tragedy, and highlights the fragility of love amidst the backdrop of an ancient family feud. Key concepts include the inevitability of death, the impact of fate, and the consequences of extreme love. Ideal for students studying literature and drama.
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology