A comprehensive step by step guide for sodium hydrogen sulfate... Show more
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5 Jan 2026
•
How to Make a Volumetric Solution for Titration
Laila
@lailaaa__
1 / 5
Part 2: Equipment Setup and Initial Measurements
This section details the proper setup of titration apparatus and initial solution measurements. The arrangement of equipment is crucial for accurate results.
Vocabulary: Titrant - The solution of known concentration added from the burette Vocabulary: Analyte - The solution of unknown concentration being analyzed
The setup includes proper positioning of the burette, stand, and clamp, along with preparation of both sodium hydrogen sulfate and sodium hydroxide solutions.
Part 3: Titration Procedure and Data Collection
The detailed titration procedure explains the step-by-step process of determining the unknown concentration.
Highlight: Multiple titrations are performed to ensure accuracy, with the first serving as a rough estimate.
Definition: The endpoint is reached when a permanent color change occurs, indicating complete neutralization.
The process includes careful measurement of 25.0cm³ of sodium hydroxide solution and systematic addition of sodium hydrogen sulfate while monitoring color changes.
Part 4: Calculations and Safety Considerations
This section focuses on the mathematical aspects of determining concentration and important safety protocols.
Highlight: When calculating the mean volume, the first rough titration and any outlying results are excluded.
Example: Titrations must be within 0.1cm³ of each other to be considered valid for calculations.
The risk assessment portion emphasizes the hazardous nature of the chemicals used:
Quote: "Corrosive to eyes - can cause serious eye damage"
Part 5: Final Calculations and Analysis
The concluding section guides students through the final calculations to determine the unknown concentration of sodium hydroxide.
Definition: The concentration calculation uses the balanced equation and the precise volumes measured during titration.
Highlight: Accuracy in recording and calculating results is crucial for reliable concentration determination.
The practical emphasizes the importance of showing all working steps in calculations and maintaining precise measurement records.
Part 1: Introduction and Solution Preparation
This section outlines the fundamental setup for preparing an accurate volumetric solution for titration analysis. The reaction between sodium hydrogen sulfate and sodium hydroxide is explained, along with the role of phenolphthalein indicator.
Definition: A volumetric solution is a precisely concentrated solution used for quantitative chemical analysis.
Example: The reaction equation demonstrates the process: NaHSO4 + NaOH -> Na2SO4 + H2O
Highlight: Phenolphthalein serves as the indicator, changing from pink/purple to colorless at the endpoint.
The equipment list includes essential items such as a volumetric flask, weighing boat, digital balance, and various measuring tools needed for precise solution preparation.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
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Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
How to Make a Volumetric Solution for Titration
Laila
@lailaaa__
A comprehensive step by step guide for sodium hydrogen sulfate titration and preparation of volumetric solutions for accurate concentration determination in acid-base reactions.
- The practical demonstrates how to make a volumetric solution for acid-base titrationusing sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4)... Show more
Part 2: Equipment Setup and Initial Measurements
This section details the proper setup of titration apparatus and initial solution measurements. The arrangement of equipment is crucial for accurate results.
Vocabulary: Titrant - The solution of known concentration added from the burette Vocabulary: Analyte - The solution of unknown concentration being analyzed
The setup includes proper positioning of the burette, stand, and clamp, along with preparation of both sodium hydrogen sulfate and sodium hydroxide solutions.
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Part 3: Titration Procedure and Data Collection
The detailed titration procedure explains the step-by-step process of determining the unknown concentration.
Highlight: Multiple titrations are performed to ensure accuracy, with the first serving as a rough estimate.
Definition: The endpoint is reached when a permanent color change occurs, indicating complete neutralization.
The process includes careful measurement of 25.0cm³ of sodium hydroxide solution and systematic addition of sodium hydrogen sulfate while monitoring color changes.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Part 4: Calculations and Safety Considerations
This section focuses on the mathematical aspects of determining concentration and important safety protocols.
Highlight: When calculating the mean volume, the first rough titration and any outlying results are excluded.
Example: Titrations must be within 0.1cm³ of each other to be considered valid for calculations.
The risk assessment portion emphasizes the hazardous nature of the chemicals used:
Quote: "Corrosive to eyes - can cause serious eye damage"
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Part 5: Final Calculations and Analysis
The concluding section guides students through the final calculations to determine the unknown concentration of sodium hydroxide.
Definition: The concentration calculation uses the balanced equation and the precise volumes measured during titration.
Highlight: Accuracy in recording and calculating results is crucial for reliable concentration determination.
The practical emphasizes the importance of showing all working steps in calculations and maintaining precise measurement records.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Part 1: Introduction and Solution Preparation
This section outlines the fundamental setup for preparing an accurate volumetric solution for titration analysis. The reaction between sodium hydrogen sulfate and sodium hydroxide is explained, along with the role of phenolphthalein indicator.
Definition: A volumetric solution is a precisely concentrated solution used for quantitative chemical analysis.
Example: The reaction equation demonstrates the process: NaHSO4 + NaOH -> Na2SO4 + H2O
Highlight: Phenolphthalein serves as the indicator, changing from pink/purple to colorless at the endpoint.
The equipment list includes essential items such as a volumetric flask, weighing boat, digital balance, and various measuring tools needed for precise solution preparation.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user