Minulý čas prostý je základní anglický čas, který používáme, když... Show more
Angličtina
Matematika
Český jazyk a literaturaSign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
241
•
Updated Mar 27, 2026
•
Angličtina: Jak správně používat minulý čas prostý
1 / 4
Co je minulý čas prostý a kdy ho použít
Minulý čas prostý (simple past) používáme, když chceme mluvit o něčem, co se už stalo a skončilo. Je to jeden z nejdůležitějších časů v angličtině.
Tento čas se hodí pro tři hlavní situace - když mluvíš o ukončených dějích v minulosti (Včera jsem šel do kina), o jednorázových akcích (Loni jsem navštívil Londýn) nebo o dějích, které následovaly po sobě (Vstal jsem, umyl se a šel jsem do školy).
U pravidelných sloves tvoříme minulý čas jednoduše přidáním koncovky -ed ke slovesu. Například: work → worked (pracoval), play → played (hrál), watch → watched (sledoval).
Tip pro tebe: Představ si minulý čas jako fotku zachycující moment, který už proběhl - je to hotové, uzavřené a jasné!
Nepravidelná slovesa a signální slova
Nepravidelná slovesa nemají v minulém čase koncovku -ed, ale mění svůj tvar. Musíš se je prostě naučit:
- go → went (jít → šel)
- see → saw (vidět → viděl)
- buy → bought (koupit → koupil)
- eat → ate (jíst → jedl)
Minulý čas prostý poznáš v textu často podle signálních slov. To jsou slova jako yesterday (včera), last week (minulý týden), a week ago (před týdnem), in 2010 (v roce 2010) nebo when I was young (když jsem byl mladý).
V oznamovacích větách je to jednoduché - použiješ podmět a sloveso v minulém čase: I watched a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se díval na film.) nebo She played tennis last week. (Minulý týden hrála tenis.)
Pozor: Minulý čas prostý má stejný tvar pro všechny osoby, takže nemusíš řešit různé koncovky jako v češtině!
Zápor a otázky v minulém čase
Záporné věty vytvoříš pomocí didn't (did not) + základní tvar slovesa:
- I didn't watch a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se nedíval na film.)
- She didn't play tennis last week. (Minulý týden nehrála tenis.)
U záporů je důležité si pamatovat, že nepoužíváš tvar s -ed, protože pomocné sloveso "did" už vyjadřuje minulý čas!
Otázky tvoříš pomocí did na začátku věty:
- Did you watch a film yesterday? (Díval ses včera na film?)
- Did she play tennis last week? (Hrála minulý týden tenis?)
I v otázkách používáš základní tvar slovesa bez -ed, protože "did" už nese informaci o minulém čase.
Pamatuj si: V záporu a otázce se koncovka -ed "přesouvá" do slovesa did/didn't, proto už není potřeba ji dávat k hlavnímu slovesu!
Praktické příklady a časté chyby
Tady je pár užitečných vět v minulém čase:
- Včera jsem navštívil babičku. → I visited my grandmother yesterday.
- Minulý rok jsme necestovali do zahraničí. → We didn't travel abroad last year.
- Koupil sis nové auto? → Did you buy a new car?
- Kdy jsi dokončil svůj projekt? → When did you finish your project?
Nejčastější chyba, kterou studenti dělají, je používání koncovky -ed u hlavního slovesa v záporech a otázkách. Správně je:
- ❌ I didn't watched a film. (Špatně!)
- ✅ I didn't watch a film. (Správně!)
Trik pro zapamatování: Představ si, že -ed je jako batoh. V normální větě ho nese hlavní sloveso, ale v otázce a záporu ho převezme pomocník "did/didn't", takže hlavní sloveso může "cestovat nalehko"!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content: Past Tense
Most popular content in Angličtina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Angličtina: Jak správně používat minulý čas prostý
Minulý čas prostý je základní anglický čas, který používáme, když mluvíme o ukončených dějích v minulosti. Je super jednoduchý na pochopení a brzy ho budeš používat úplně automaticky!
Co je minulý čas prostý a kdy ho použít
Minulý čas prostý (simple past) používáme, když chceme mluvit o něčem, co se už stalo a skončilo. Je to jeden z nejdůležitějších časů v angličtině.
Tento čas se hodí pro tři hlavní situace - když mluvíš o ukončených dějích v minulosti (Včera jsem šel do kina), o jednorázových akcích (Loni jsem navštívil Londýn) nebo o dějích, které následovaly po sobě (Vstal jsem, umyl se a šel jsem do školy).
U pravidelných sloves tvoříme minulý čas jednoduše přidáním koncovky -ed ke slovesu. Například: work → worked (pracoval), play → played (hrál), watch → watched (sledoval).
Tip pro tebe: Představ si minulý čas jako fotku zachycující moment, který už proběhl - je to hotové, uzavřené a jasné!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Nepravidelná slovesa a signální slova
Nepravidelná slovesa nemají v minulém čase koncovku -ed, ale mění svůj tvar. Musíš se je prostě naučit:
- go → went (jít → šel)
- see → saw (vidět → viděl)
- buy → bought (koupit → koupil)
- eat → ate (jíst → jedl)
Minulý čas prostý poznáš v textu často podle signálních slov. To jsou slova jako yesterday (včera), last week (minulý týden), a week ago (před týdnem), in 2010 (v roce 2010) nebo when I was young (když jsem byl mladý).
V oznamovacích větách je to jednoduché - použiješ podmět a sloveso v minulém čase: I watched a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se díval na film.) nebo She played tennis last week. (Minulý týden hrála tenis.)
Pozor: Minulý čas prostý má stejný tvar pro všechny osoby, takže nemusíš řešit různé koncovky jako v češtině!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Zápor a otázky v minulém čase
Záporné věty vytvoříš pomocí didn't (did not) + základní tvar slovesa:
- I didn't watch a film yesterday. (Včera jsem se nedíval na film.)
- She didn't play tennis last week. (Minulý týden nehrála tenis.)
U záporů je důležité si pamatovat, že nepoužíváš tvar s -ed, protože pomocné sloveso "did" už vyjadřuje minulý čas!
Otázky tvoříš pomocí did na začátku věty:
- Did you watch a film yesterday? (Díval ses včera na film?)
- Did she play tennis last week? (Hrála minulý týden tenis?)
I v otázkách používáš základní tvar slovesa bez -ed, protože "did" už nese informaci o minulém čase.
Pamatuj si: V záporu a otázce se koncovka -ed "přesouvá" do slovesa did/didn't, proto už není potřeba ji dávat k hlavnímu slovesu!
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
Praktické příklady a časté chyby
Tady je pár užitečných vět v minulém čase:
- Včera jsem navštívil babičku. → I visited my grandmother yesterday.
- Minulý rok jsme necestovali do zahraničí. → We didn't travel abroad last year.
- Koupil sis nové auto? → Did you buy a new car?
- Kdy jsi dokončil svůj projekt? → When did you finish your project?
Nejčastější chyba, kterou studenti dělají, je používání koncovky -ed u hlavního slovesa v záporech a otázkách. Správně je:
- ❌ I didn't watched a film. (Špatně!)
- ✅ I didn't watch a film. (Správně!)
Trik pro zapamatování: Představ si, že -ed je jako batoh. V normální větě ho nese hlavní sloveso, ale v otázce a záporu ho převezme pomocník "did/didn't", takže hlavní sloveso může "cestovat nalehko"!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
8
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Mock Exam
Quiz
Flashcards
Essay
Most popular content: Past Tense
Most popular content in Angličtina
Most popular content
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user