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Updated 26 Feb 2026

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Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κατανόηση της Κυτταρικής Διαίρεσης

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Harry

@harry_knowunity

Η κυτταρική διαίρεση είναι η βασική διαδικασία που επιτρέπει στους... Show more

# Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κυτταρική
Διαίρεση

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι μια μορφή κυτταρικής διαίρεσης όπου ένα μητρικό
κύτταρο διαιρεί

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι η διαδικασία όπου ένα κύτταρο διαιρείται και δημιουργεί δύο πανομοιότυπα θυγατρικά κύτταρα. Περιλαμβάνει δύο βασικά στάδια: την πυρηνική διαίρεση (καρυοκίνηση) και την κυτταροπλασματική διαίρεση (κυτταροκίνηση).

Πριν ξεκινήσει η μίτωση, το κύτταρο βρίσκεται στη μεσόφαση. Κατά τη διάρκεια αυτής της φάσης, το DNA διπλασιάζεται, κάθε χρωμόσωμα αποκτά δύο χρωματίδες και τα 46 χρωμοσώματα βρίσκονται σε μορφή νηματίων.

Η πρώτη φάση της μίτωσης είναι η πρόφαση, όπου τα νημάτια του DNA συσπειρώνονται, η πυρηνική μεμβράνη διαλύεται, τα κεντροσωμάτια διπλασιάζονται και μετακινούνται στους αντίθετους πόλους του κυττάρου, και σχηματίζεται η άτρακτος.

💡 Σκέψου τη μίτωση σαν μια προσεκτικά χορογραφημένη παράσταση όπου το DNA πρέπει να διαχωριστεί με απόλυτη ακρίβεια για να διασφαλιστεί ότι κάθε νέο κύτταρο θα πάρει ακριβώς το ίδιο γενετικό υλικό!

# Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κυτταρική
Διαίρεση

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι μια μορφή κυτταρικής διαίρεσης όπου ένα μητρικό
κύτταρο διαιρεί

Φάσεις της Μίτωσης (συνέχεια)

Μετά την πρόφαση ακολουθεί η μετάφαση. Σε αυτή τη φάση, οι μικροσωληνίσκοι της ατράκτου συνδέονται με τα κεντρομερίδια των χρωμοσωμάτων και τα χρωμοσώματα παρατάσσονται στο ισημερινό επίπεδο του κυττάρου.

Στη συνέχεια, κατά την ανάφαση, οι μικροσωληνίσκοι της ατράκτου βραχύνονται, οι αδελφές χρωματίδες διαχωρίζονται και έλκονται προς τους αντίθετους πόλους του κυττάρου. Αυτός ο διαχωρισμός είναι κρίσιμος για τη σωστή κατανομή του γενετικού υλικού.

Η μίτωση ολοκληρώνεται με την τελόφαση, κατά την οποία επανασχηματίζεται η πυρηνική μεμβράνη, αποδομείται η άτρακτος, τα χρωμοσώματα αποσυσπειρώνονται και η διαδικασία ολοκληρώνεται με τη δημιουργία δύο διπλοειδών θυγατρικών κυττάρων.

Όσον αφορά τη χρωμοσωμική κατάσταση, το μητρικό κύτταρο είναι διπλοειδές με διπλασιασμένο DNA 2n/4c2n/4c, ενώ τα θυγατρικά κύτταρα είναι επίσης διπλοειδή αλλά με απλό DNA 2n/2c2n/2c.

🔍 Παρατήρησε πώς κατά τη μίτωση διατηρείται ο ίδιος αριθμός χρωμοσωμάτων στα θυγατρικά κύτταρα. Αυτό είναι απαραίτητο για την ομαλή ανάπτυξη και λειτουργία των οργανισμών!



We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.6/5

App Store

4.7/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

 

Φυσική (Θετ.)

800

Updated 26 Feb 2026

2 pages

Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κατανόηση της Κυτταρικής Διαίρεσης

user profile picture

Harry

@harry_knowunity

Η κυτταρική διαίρεση είναι η βασική διαδικασία που επιτρέπει στους οργανισμούς να αναπτύσσονται, να επιδιορθώνουν ιστούς και να αναπαράγονται. Η μίτωση είναι ο τύπος κυτταρικής διαίρεσης που παράγει δύο πανομοιότυπα θυγατρικά κύτταρα από ένα μητρικό, διατηρώντας τον ίδιο αριθμό χρωμοσωμάτων.

# Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κυτταρική
Διαίρεση

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι μια μορφή κυτταρικής διαίρεσης όπου ένα μητρικό
κύτταρο διαιρεί

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι η διαδικασία όπου ένα κύτταρο διαιρείται και δημιουργεί δύο πανομοιότυπα θυγατρικά κύτταρα. Περιλαμβάνει δύο βασικά στάδια: την πυρηνική διαίρεση (καρυοκίνηση) και την κυτταροπλασματική διαίρεση (κυτταροκίνηση).

Πριν ξεκινήσει η μίτωση, το κύτταρο βρίσκεται στη μεσόφαση. Κατά τη διάρκεια αυτής της φάσης, το DNA διπλασιάζεται, κάθε χρωμόσωμα αποκτά δύο χρωματίδες και τα 46 χρωμοσώματα βρίσκονται σε μορφή νηματίων.

Η πρώτη φάση της μίτωσης είναι η πρόφαση, όπου τα νημάτια του DNA συσπειρώνονται, η πυρηνική μεμβράνη διαλύεται, τα κεντροσωμάτια διπλασιάζονται και μετακινούνται στους αντίθετους πόλους του κυττάρου, και σχηματίζεται η άτρακτος.

💡 Σκέψου τη μίτωση σαν μια προσεκτικά χορογραφημένη παράσταση όπου το DNA πρέπει να διαχωριστεί με απόλυτη ακρίβεια για να διασφαλιστεί ότι κάθε νέο κύτταρο θα πάρει ακριβώς το ίδιο γενετικό υλικό!

# Μίτωση και Μείωση: Κυτταρική
Διαίρεση

Εισαγωγή στη Μίτωση

Η μίτωση είναι μια μορφή κυτταρικής διαίρεσης όπου ένα μητρικό
κύτταρο διαιρεί

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Φάσεις της Μίτωσης (συνέχεια)

Μετά την πρόφαση ακολουθεί η μετάφαση. Σε αυτή τη φάση, οι μικροσωληνίσκοι της ατράκτου συνδέονται με τα κεντρομερίδια των χρωμοσωμάτων και τα χρωμοσώματα παρατάσσονται στο ισημερινό επίπεδο του κυττάρου.

Στη συνέχεια, κατά την ανάφαση, οι μικροσωληνίσκοι της ατράκτου βραχύνονται, οι αδελφές χρωματίδες διαχωρίζονται και έλκονται προς τους αντίθετους πόλους του κυττάρου. Αυτός ο διαχωρισμός είναι κρίσιμος για τη σωστή κατανομή του γενετικού υλικού.

Η μίτωση ολοκληρώνεται με την τελόφαση, κατά την οποία επανασχηματίζεται η πυρηνική μεμβράνη, αποδομείται η άτρακτος, τα χρωμοσώματα αποσυσπειρώνονται και η διαδικασία ολοκληρώνεται με τη δημιουργία δύο διπλοειδών θυγατρικών κυττάρων.

Όσον αφορά τη χρωμοσωμική κατάσταση, το μητρικό κύτταρο είναι διπλοειδές με διπλασιασμένο DNA 2n/4c2n/4c, ενώ τα θυγατρικά κύτταρα είναι επίσης διπλοειδή αλλά με απλό DNA 2n/2c2n/2c.

🔍 Παρατήρησε πώς κατά τη μίτωση διατηρείται ο ίδιος αριθμός χρωμοσωμάτων στα θυγατρικά κύτταρα. Αυτό είναι απαραίτητο για την ομαλή ανάπτυξη και λειτουργία των οργανισμών!

We thought you’d never ask...

What is the Knowunity AI companion?

Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.

Where can I download the Knowunity app?

You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.

Is Knowunity really free of charge?

That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.

12

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Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines

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Quiz
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.6/5

App Store

4.7/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user