日本って地球上のどこにあって、どんな国に囲まれているか知ってる？ アジアの東端にある島国で、海に囲まれているからこそ独特の文化が育まれてきたんだ。緯度・経度の見方から隣国との関係まで、地理の基本をしっかり押さえよう！
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Updated Apr 3, 2026
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日本の地理的位置と周囲の国々
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日本の位置と緯度・経度の基本
君の住んでいる日本は、実は地球上でとても特別な場所にあるんだ！ 日本はアジア州の東端にあるユーラシア大陸の東側に位置している。四方を海に囲まれた島国だから、他の国との文化交流や貿易にも大きな影響を与えてきたよ。
**緯度（いど）**は地球の赤道を0度として、南北にどれだけ離れているかを示す角度のこと。北に行くほど数字が大きくなるのが北緯で、日本は全部北緯の範囲にある。
**経度（けいど）**はイギリスのロンドンを通る線を0度として、東西の位置を表す。東に行くほど数字が大きくなるのが東経で、日本は全部東経にあるんだ。
覚えておこう！ 日本は北半球で東半球にある国。テストでよく出る基本中の基本だよ！
日本の具体的な範囲と国土の特徴
日本がどこからどこまで広がっているか、具体的な数字で見てみよう。最北端は択捉島（北緯45度33分）、最南端は沖ノ鳥島（北緯20度25分）、最東端は南鳥島（東経153度59分）、最西端は与那国島（東経122度56分）になる。
注意したいのは、択捉島は現在ロシアが占領しているけれど、日本の領土だということ。これは重要なポイントだよ。
日本の国土は北海道・本州・四国・九州の4つの大きな島と、たくさんの小さな島々でできている。国土面積は約38万平方キロメートルで、海岸線がとても長くて複雑なのが大きな特徴なんだ。
地図で確認！ 地図帳を開いて、これらの端っこにある島の位置を実際に確認してみよう。
日本を囲む海と隣国
島国の日本は、4つの海に囲まれているよ。東側に太平洋、西側に日本海、北側にオホーツク海、南西側に東シナ海がある。太平洋は特に広大で、日本の気候にも大きく影響しているんだ。
日本の隣国は海をへだてて4つある。西に韓国と北朝鮮（間は日本海）、西に中国（間は東シナ海）、北にロシア（間は日本海とオホーツク海）だ。
これらの国々は、ニュースでもよく登場する重要な隣国ばかり。それぞれとの間にどの海があるかをセットで覚えるのがコツだよ。
暗記のポイント！ 「どの国がどの方向で、間に何の海があるか」を地図を見ながら何度も確認しよう。
テスト対策と重要ポイント
地理のテストでよく出る重要事項をまとめておくね。日本の標準時は兵庫県明石市を通る東経135度の経線が基準になっている。これは覚えておかないと！
日本には領土問題もある。ロシアとの北方領土、韓国との竹島、中国との尖閣諸島など、現在も解決していない問題があることも知っておこう。
**排他的経済水域（EEZ）**は海岸から200海里の範囲で、その国が資源を自由に利用できる水域のこと。島国の日本にとって、この水域はとても広くて重要なんだ。
最終チェック！ 日本はユーラシア大陸東の島国、4つの主要島、太平洋と日本海に挟まれ、韓国・北朝鮮・中国・ロシアが隣国。これだけは絶対に覚えよう！
We thought you’d never ask...
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Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content in 地理探究
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
日本の地理的位置と周囲の国々
日本って地球上のどこにあって、どんな国に囲まれているか知ってる？ アジアの東端にある島国で、海に囲まれているからこそ独特の文化が育まれてきたんだ。緯度・経度の見方から隣国との関係まで、地理の基本をしっかり押さえよう！
日本の位置と緯度・経度の基本
君の住んでいる日本は、実は地球上でとても特別な場所にあるんだ！ 日本はアジア州の東端にあるユーラシア大陸の東側に位置している。四方を海に囲まれた島国だから、他の国との文化交流や貿易にも大きな影響を与えてきたよ。
**緯度（いど）**は地球の赤道を0度として、南北にどれだけ離れているかを示す角度のこと。北に行くほど数字が大きくなるのが北緯で、日本は全部北緯の範囲にある。
**経度（けいど）**はイギリスのロンドンを通る線を0度として、東西の位置を表す。東に行くほど数字が大きくなるのが東経で、日本は全部東経にあるんだ。
覚えておこう！ 日本は北半球で東半球にある国。テストでよく出る基本中の基本だよ！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
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日本の具体的な範囲と国土の特徴
日本がどこからどこまで広がっているか、具体的な数字で見てみよう。最北端は択捉島（北緯45度33分）、最南端は沖ノ鳥島（北緯20度25分）、最東端は南鳥島（東経153度59分）、最西端は与那国島（東経122度56分）になる。
注意したいのは、択捉島は現在ロシアが占領しているけれど、日本の領土だということ。これは重要なポイントだよ。
日本の国土は北海道・本州・四国・九州の4つの大きな島と、たくさんの小さな島々でできている。国土面積は約38万平方キロメートルで、海岸線がとても長くて複雑なのが大きな特徴なんだ。
地図で確認！ 地図帳を開いて、これらの端っこにある島の位置を実際に確認してみよう。
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Improve your grades
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日本を囲む海と隣国
島国の日本は、4つの海に囲まれているよ。東側に太平洋、西側に日本海、北側にオホーツク海、南西側に東シナ海がある。太平洋は特に広大で、日本の気候にも大きく影響しているんだ。
日本の隣国は海をへだてて4つある。西に韓国と北朝鮮（間は日本海）、西に中国（間は東シナ海）、北にロシア（間は日本海とオホーツク海）だ。
これらの国々は、ニュースでもよく登場する重要な隣国ばかり。それぞれとの間にどの海があるかをセットで覚えるのがコツだよ。
暗記のポイント！ 「どの国がどの方向で、間に何の海があるか」を地図を見ながら何度も確認しよう。
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
テスト対策と重要ポイント
地理のテストでよく出る重要事項をまとめておくね。日本の標準時は兵庫県明石市を通る東経135度の経線が基準になっている。これは覚えておかないと！
日本には領土問題もある。ロシアとの北方領土、韓国との竹島、中国との尖閣諸島など、現在も解決していない問題があることも知っておこう。
**排他的経済水域（EEZ）**は海岸から200海里の範囲で、その国が資源を自由に利用できる水域のこと。島国の日本にとって、この水域はとても広くて重要なんだ。
最終チェック！ 日本はユーラシア大陸東の島国、4つの主要島、太平洋と日本海に挟まれ、韓国・北朝鮮・中国・ロシアが隣国。これだけは絶対に覚えよう！
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in 地理探究
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user