英語の時制の一致と仮定法って、最初は複雑に見えるけど実はシンプルなルールがあるんだ。時制の一致は「主節が過去なら従属節も過去に引っ張られる」という感じで、仮定法は「現実じゃない話をするときの特別な動詞の形」って覚えておこう。
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Updated Mar 18, 2026
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時制の一致と仮定法をマスターする方法
1 / 5
時制の一致と仮定法の基本
長文読解や英作文で絶対に必要なスキルが時制の一致と仮定法だよ。時制の一致は事実を述べるとき、仮定法は「もし〜だったら」という空想や願望を話すときに使うんだ。
時制の一致は主節の動詞が過去形なら、従属節も過去形や過去完了形になるというルール。例えば「He says that he is busy.」が「He said that he was busy.」に変わる感じ。
仮定法のポイントは、文の「形」が示す時制と実際の「意味」がズレてること。仮定法過去は形は過去形だけど現在のことを、仮定法過去完了は形は過去完了形だけど過去のことを表すんだ。
覚えておこう！ 仮定法では動詞の形を一つ過去にずらすのが基本イメージ
時制の一致の詳細とルール
時制の一致は主節の動詞に従属節が引っ張られるイメージで覚えよう。「I think that she will come.」が「I thought that she would come.」になるように、willがwouldに変化するんだ。
でも例外もある！普遍の真理や歴史上の事実は主節が過去形でも従属節はそのまま。「We learned that the earth is round.」みたいに、地球が丸いのは変わらない事実だからisのままなんだ。
「My teacher told us that the Second World War ended in 1945.」も歴史的事実だからendedのまま。この例外は結構テストに出るから要注意！
テストのコツ 普遍の真理と歴史的事実の例外は頻出問題だよ
仮定法の基本形とパターン
仮定法は現実じゃない話をするための特別な形だよ。仮定法過去は「If + 過去形, S + would/could + 原形」で現在の事実に反する仮定を表す。「If I were you, I would not do that.」みたいな感じ。
仮定法過去完了は「If + had + 過去分詞, S + would/could + have + 過去分詞」で過去の事実に反する仮定を表すんだ。超重要なのは、仮定法過去のif節でbe動詞を使うときは主語がI, he, sheでもwereを使うこと！
口語ではwasも使われるけど、テストでは絶対にwereを書こう。この使い分けができるだけで点数アップ間違いなし。
絶対覚える！ 仮定法過去のbe動詞は主語に関係なく「were」
I wishと as ifの仮定法
I wishは「〜だったらなあ」という願望を表す表現。「I wish + 過去形」で現在の実現不可能な願望、「I wish + had + 過去分詞」で過去の後悔を表すよ。
「I wish I had more time.」は「もっと時間があればなあ」、「I wish I had studied harder.」は「もっと勉強しておけばよかった」という意味。現実との対比を意識するのがコツ。
as if / as thoughは「まるで〜かのように」という意味。「He talks as if he knew everything.」は現在の事実に反するたとえ、「She looked as if she had seen a ghost.」は過去の事実に反するたとえなんだ。
実践のコツ 現実と仮定を対比させて考えると理解しやすいよ
練習問題と注意点
練習で理解を深めよう！事実「I am not a bird, so I can't fly.」を仮定法にすると「If I were a bird, I could fly.」になる。amがwereに、can'tがcouldに変わってるのが分かるよね。
過去の仮定なら「I didn't get up early, so I missed the train.」が「If I had gotten up early, I would not have missed the train.」になる。didn't get upがhad gottenに変化してるのがポイント。
テストで注意すべきは、would, could, mightの使い分け。wouldは推量、couldは可能性、mightは推量を表すんだ。また「もし明日雨が降ったら」みたいな未来の可能性は仮定法じゃなくて普通の条件文だから要注意！
テスト対策 動詞の形を正しく選ぶ問題と直説法から仮定法への書き換え問題が頻出だよ
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
時制の一致と仮定法をマスターする方法
英語の時制の一致と仮定法って、最初は複雑に見えるけど実はシンプルなルールがあるんだ。時制の一致は「主節が過去なら従属節も過去に引っ張られる」という感じで、仮定法は「現実じゃない話をするときの特別な動詞の形」って覚えておこう。
時制の一致と仮定法の基本
長文読解や英作文で絶対に必要なスキルが時制の一致と仮定法だよ。時制の一致は事実を述べるとき、仮定法は「もし〜だったら」という空想や願望を話すときに使うんだ。
時制の一致は主節の動詞が過去形なら、従属節も過去形や過去完了形になるというルール。例えば「He says that he is busy.」が「He said that he was busy.」に変わる感じ。
仮定法のポイントは、文の「形」が示す時制と実際の「意味」がズレてること。仮定法過去は形は過去形だけど現在のことを、仮定法過去完了は形は過去完了形だけど過去のことを表すんだ。
覚えておこう！ 仮定法では動詞の形を一つ過去にずらすのが基本イメージ
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時制の一致の詳細とルール
時制の一致は主節の動詞に従属節が引っ張られるイメージで覚えよう。「I think that she will come.」が「I thought that she would come.」になるように、willがwouldに変化するんだ。
でも例外もある！普遍の真理や歴史上の事実は主節が過去形でも従属節はそのまま。「We learned that the earth is round.」みたいに、地球が丸いのは変わらない事実だからisのままなんだ。
「My teacher told us that the Second World War ended in 1945.」も歴史的事実だからendedのまま。この例外は結構テストに出るから要注意！
テストのコツ 普遍の真理と歴史的事実の例外は頻出問題だよ
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仮定法の基本形とパターン
仮定法は現実じゃない話をするための特別な形だよ。仮定法過去は「If + 過去形, S + would/could + 原形」で現在の事実に反する仮定を表す。「If I were you, I would not do that.」みたいな感じ。
仮定法過去完了は「If + had + 過去分詞, S + would/could + have + 過去分詞」で過去の事実に反する仮定を表すんだ。超重要なのは、仮定法過去のif節でbe動詞を使うときは主語がI, he, sheでもwereを使うこと！
口語ではwasも使われるけど、テストでは絶対にwereを書こう。この使い分けができるだけで点数アップ間違いなし。
絶対覚える！ 仮定法過去のbe動詞は主語に関係なく「were」
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I wishと as ifの仮定法
I wishは「〜だったらなあ」という願望を表す表現。「I wish + 過去形」で現在の実現不可能な願望、「I wish + had + 過去分詞」で過去の後悔を表すよ。
「I wish I had more time.」は「もっと時間があればなあ」、「I wish I had studied harder.」は「もっと勉強しておけばよかった」という意味。現実との対比を意識するのがコツ。
as if / as thoughは「まるで〜かのように」という意味。「He talks as if he knew everything.」は現在の事実に反するたとえ、「She looked as if she had seen a ghost.」は過去の事実に反するたとえなんだ。
実践のコツ 現実と仮定を対比させて考えると理解しやすいよ
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
練習問題と注意点
練習で理解を深めよう！事実「I am not a bird, so I can't fly.」を仮定法にすると「If I were a bird, I could fly.」になる。amがwereに、can'tがcouldに変わってるのが分かるよね。
過去の仮定なら「I didn't get up early, so I missed the train.」が「If I had gotten up early, I would not have missed the train.」になる。didn't get upがhad gottenに変化してるのがポイント。
テストで注意すべきは、would, could, mightの使い分け。wouldは推量、couldは可能性、mightは推量を表すんだ。また「もし明日雨が降ったら」みたいな未来の可能性は仮定法じゃなくて普通の条件文だから要注意！
テスト対策 動詞の形を正しく選ぶ問題と直説法から仮定法への書き換え問題が頻出だよ
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Most popular content in 英語コミュニケーション
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user