電気の勉強で一番大事な基礎が、電流・電圧・抵抗の関係だ。ここがわからないと、この後の回路計算が全部チンプンカンプンになっちゃう。でも水の流れに例えて考えれば、意外と簡単に理解できるよ。
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Updated Mar 28, 2026
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電流・電圧・抵抗とオームの法則を簡単解説
1 / 5
電流、電圧、抵抗の基本
君たちのスマホを充電するとき、実は電流、電圧、抵抗という3つの要素が関わってる。これらは川の水の流れで考えるとめちゃくちゃわかりやすい。
電流は川を流れる水の量のこと。単位は**アンペア（A）**で、プラス極からマイナス極に流れる。測定するときは電流計を回路に直列につなぐんだ。
電圧は水を押し流す水圧みたいなもの。電流を流そうとする力で、単位はボルト（V）。電圧が大きいほど、たくさんの電流を流せる。測定には電圧計を並列につなぐよ。
抵抗は水の流れを邪魔する岩や障害物。電流の流れにくさを表し、単位は**オーム（Ω）**だ。導線が長いほど、細いほど抵抗は大きくなる。
💡 覚え方のコツ: 電流計は直列、電圧計は並列。この接続方法は定期テストで絶対出るから、今のうちに完璧に覚えちゃおう！
オームの法則
電気の世界で最も重要な法則がオームの法則。これさえマスターすれば、電気の計算問題は楽勝になる。
法則はシンプル：電圧の大きさは、流れる電流の大きさに比例する。式で表すと V = R × I だ。
この基本式を変形すると3つのパターンができる：
- 電圧を求める：V = R × I
- 電流を求める：I = V/R
- 抵抗を求める：R = V/I
オームの法則の三角形を覚えよう。上にV、下左にI、下右にRを配置。求めたい値を隠すと、残った部分が計算式になる。
💡 実戦テクニック: 三角形の図を問題用紙の隅に書いておくと、公式を間違えることがなくなるよ！
計算問題の解き方
実際の問題を解いてみよう。まずは単位の確認が超重要だ。
例題1: 10Ωの抵抗に0.5Aの電流が流れている。電圧は何V？ 求めたいのは電圧だから、V = R × I を使う。V = 10Ω × 0.5A = 5V
例題2: 6Vの電圧で300mAの電流が流れた。抵抗は何Ω？ ここで注意！300mAは0.3Aに変換する必要がある（1000mA = 1A）。R = V/I = 6V ÷ 0.3A = 20Ω
単位変換でのミスは本当に多い。mAとAの変換は必ず計算前にチェックしよう。答えが1000倍ずれちゃうからね。
💡 ミス防止法: 問題文の数値に線を引いて、単位変換が必要かどうか最初に確認する習慣をつけよう！
テスト攻略のポイント
定期テストでよく出るパターンを押さえておこう。
グラフ問題では、電圧と電流の関係が原点を通る直線になる。これは比例関係を表してる。でも注意：グラフの傾きは抵抗そのものじゃなくて、抵抗の逆数（1/R）なんだ。
測定器の接続は定番問題。電流計は直列、電圧計は並列。これを逆にしちゃう人が多いから、しっかり覚えよう。
計算問題では、まず「何を求めるのか」を明確にして、わかっている値を整理する。そして適切な公式を選んで計算だ。
この基礎がしっかりしてると、次に習う直列回路や並列回路も理解しやすくなる。今のうちにマスターしておこう！
💡 最終チェック: V = R × I の三角形と、電流計は直列・電圧計は並列。この2つだけは絶対に忘れないで！
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
電流・電圧・抵抗とオームの法則を簡単解説
電気の勉強で一番大事な基礎が、電流・電圧・抵抗の関係だ。ここがわからないと、この後の回路計算が全部チンプンカンプンになっちゃう。でも水の流れに例えて考えれば、意外と簡単に理解できるよ。
電流、電圧、抵抗の基本
君たちのスマホを充電するとき、実は電流、電圧、抵抗という3つの要素が関わってる。これらは川の水の流れで考えるとめちゃくちゃわかりやすい。
電流は川を流れる水の量のこと。単位は**アンペア（A）**で、プラス極からマイナス極に流れる。測定するときは電流計を回路に直列につなぐんだ。
電圧は水を押し流す水圧みたいなもの。電流を流そうとする力で、単位はボルト（V）。電圧が大きいほど、たくさんの電流を流せる。測定には電圧計を並列につなぐよ。
抵抗は水の流れを邪魔する岩や障害物。電流の流れにくさを表し、単位は**オーム（Ω）**だ。導線が長いほど、細いほど抵抗は大きくなる。
💡 覚え方のコツ: 電流計は直列、電圧計は並列。この接続方法は定期テストで絶対出るから、今のうちに完璧に覚えちゃおう！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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オームの法則
電気の世界で最も重要な法則がオームの法則。これさえマスターすれば、電気の計算問題は楽勝になる。
法則はシンプル：電圧の大きさは、流れる電流の大きさに比例する。式で表すと V = R × I だ。
この基本式を変形すると3つのパターンができる：
- 電圧を求める：V = R × I
- 電流を求める：I = V/R
- 抵抗を求める：R = V/I
オームの法則の三角形を覚えよう。上にV、下左にI、下右にRを配置。求めたい値を隠すと、残った部分が計算式になる。
💡 実戦テクニック: 三角形の図を問題用紙の隅に書いておくと、公式を間違えることがなくなるよ！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Join milions of students
計算問題の解き方
実際の問題を解いてみよう。まずは単位の確認が超重要だ。
例題1: 10Ωの抵抗に0.5Aの電流が流れている。電圧は何V？ 求めたいのは電圧だから、V = R × I を使う。V = 10Ω × 0.5A = 5V
例題2: 6Vの電圧で300mAの電流が流れた。抵抗は何Ω？ ここで注意！300mAは0.3Aに変換する必要がある（1000mA = 1A）。R = V/I = 6V ÷ 0.3A = 20Ω
単位変換でのミスは本当に多い。mAとAの変換は必ず計算前にチェックしよう。答えが1000倍ずれちゃうからね。
💡 ミス防止法: 問題文の数値に線を引いて、単位変換が必要かどうか最初に確認する習慣をつけよう！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
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Join milions of students
テスト攻略のポイント
定期テストでよく出るパターンを押さえておこう。
グラフ問題では、電圧と電流の関係が原点を通る直線になる。これは比例関係を表してる。でも注意：グラフの傾きは抵抗そのものじゃなくて、抵抗の逆数（1/R）なんだ。
測定器の接続は定番問題。電流計は直列、電圧計は並列。これを逆にしちゃう人が多いから、しっかり覚えよう。
計算問題では、まず「何を求めるのか」を明確にして、わかっている値を整理する。そして適切な公式を選んで計算だ。
この基礎がしっかりしてると、次に習う直列回路や並列回路も理解しやすくなる。今のうちにマスターしておこう！
💡 最終チェック: V = R × I の三角形と、電流計は直列・電圧計は並列。この2つだけは絶対に忘れないで！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user