分詞って聞くとなんか難しそうだけど、実はコツを掴めば超簡単！動詞を形容詞みたいに使って、文章をもっとかっこよく、詳しく書けるようになる技なんだ。能動か受動かを見分けるだけで、ほとんどの問題が解けちゃうよ。
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Updated Apr 7, 2026
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分詞の基本的な使い方：簡単なガイド
1 / 6
分詞の基本ルール
分詞は動詞を形容詞や副詞みたいに使う便利な技だよ。現在分詞（-ing形）と過去分詞（p.p.）の2種類があって、どっちを使うかは能動か受動かで決まる。
**現在分詞（-ing形）**は「〜している」という意味で、修飾する名詞が「〜する」側のとき使う。例えば、sleeping baby（眠っている赤ちゃん）は、赤ちゃんが「眠る」側だから現在分詞だね。
**過去分詞（p.p.）**は「〜される・された」という意味で、修飾する名詞が「〜される」側のとき使う。broken window（割られた窓）は、窓が「割られる」側だから過去分詞を選ぶんだ。
覚え方のコツ: 修飾される名詞を主語、分詞を動詞だと思って「SがVする」なら-ing、「SがVされる」ならp.p.！
名詞を修飾する分詞（形容詞的用法）
分詞で名詞を詳しく説明するとき、置く場所が超重要だよ。1語なら前、2語以上なら後ろに置くって覚えておこう。
前から修飾するのは分詞が1語だけのとき。an exciting game（わくわくさせる試合）みたいに、名詞の直前に置く。感情を表す動詞は要注意で、excited people（興奮した人々）のように、人が主語なら過去分詞になることが多いんだ。
後ろから修飾するのは分詞が他の語句を伴って長くなるとき。The boy running over there（あそこを走っている少年）みたいに、名詞の後ろに分詞句全体を置く。
テストのポイント: 感情動詞（excite, surprise, interest等）で人が主語なら過去分詞、モノ・コトが主語なら現在分詞を選ぼう！
分詞構文の作り方と意味
分詞構文は接続詞+主語+動詞の文を分詞を使って短くする技だよ。作り方は簡単で、①接続詞を消す ②主語を消す ③動詞を-ing形にするだけ。
分詞構文が表す意味は文脈で判断する。時（Walking along the street, I met an old friend. 道を歩いているとき、旧友に会った）、理由（Feeling sick, I went to bed early. 気分が悪かったので、早く寝た）、付帯状況（〜しながら）などがある。
受動態の分詞構文では、being + p.p.になるけど、beingは省略されることが多い。Seen from the plane, the island looks beautiful.（飛行機から見ると、島は美しく見える）みたいに、過去分詞から始まる形になるよ。
重要な注意点: 分詞構文の意味上の主語は、必ず主節の主語と同じでなければいけない！
実践問題と解き方
例文で確認してみよう。The girl a book by the window is my sister.という問題では、まず修飾される名詞「girl」を確認する。
次に、girlとreadの関係を考える。少女は本を「読む」側だから能動関係。だから現在分詞のreadingを選んで、The girl reading a book by the window is my sister.（窓のそばで本を読んでいる少女は私の妹です）が正解だ。
分詞構文の問題 by the news, he couldn't say anything.では、主節の主語「he」に注目。彼はニュースに「衝撃を受けた」側（受動）だから、過去分詞のShockedを選ぶ。
解答のコツ: 修飾される名詞（または主節の主語）が「〜する」側なら現在分詞、「〜される」側なら過去分詞を選べば間違いなし！
テスト対策と重要ポイント
感情動詞（excite, surprise, interest等）の使い分けが頻出だよ。人を主語にするときは感情を「与えられる」ので過去分詞（I am interested in history.）、モノ・コトを主語にするときは感情を「与える」ので現在分詞（This book is interesting.）を使う。
分詞構文では、意味上の主語が主節の主語と一致するか必ずチェック！Walking down the street, a dog barked at me.みたいに、私が歩いているのに犬が主語になってる文は間違いだからね。
否定形では、分詞の直前にNotやNeverを置く。Not knowing what to do, I asked for help.（何をすべきかわからなかったので、助けを求めた）みたいに使うよ。
最終チェック: とにかく修飾する名詞との関係（能動か受動か）を常に意識すること！これをマスターすれば分詞は得意科目になるはず。
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Is Knowunity really free of charge?
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Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
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Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
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Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
分詞の基本的な使い方：簡単なガイド
分詞って聞くとなんか難しそうだけど、実はコツを掴めば超簡単！動詞を形容詞みたいに使って、文章をもっとかっこよく、詳しく書けるようになる技なんだ。能動か受動かを見分けるだけで、ほとんどの問題が解けちゃうよ。
分詞の基本ルール
分詞は動詞を形容詞や副詞みたいに使う便利な技だよ。現在分詞（-ing形）と過去分詞（p.p.）の2種類があって、どっちを使うかは能動か受動かで決まる。
**現在分詞（-ing形）**は「〜している」という意味で、修飾する名詞が「〜する」側のとき使う。例えば、sleeping baby（眠っている赤ちゃん）は、赤ちゃんが「眠る」側だから現在分詞だね。
**過去分詞（p.p.）**は「〜される・された」という意味で、修飾する名詞が「〜される」側のとき使う。broken window（割られた窓）は、窓が「割られる」側だから過去分詞を選ぶんだ。
覚え方のコツ: 修飾される名詞を主語、分詞を動詞だと思って「SがVする」なら-ing、「SがVされる」ならp.p.！
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名詞を修飾する分詞（形容詞的用法）
分詞で名詞を詳しく説明するとき、置く場所が超重要だよ。1語なら前、2語以上なら後ろに置くって覚えておこう。
前から修飾するのは分詞が1語だけのとき。an exciting game（わくわくさせる試合）みたいに、名詞の直前に置く。感情を表す動詞は要注意で、excited people（興奮した人々）のように、人が主語なら過去分詞になることが多いんだ。
後ろから修飾するのは分詞が他の語句を伴って長くなるとき。The boy running over there（あそこを走っている少年）みたいに、名詞の後ろに分詞句全体を置く。
テストのポイント: 感情動詞（excite, surprise, interest等）で人が主語なら過去分詞、モノ・コトが主語なら現在分詞を選ぼう！
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分詞構文の作り方と意味
分詞構文は接続詞+主語+動詞の文を分詞を使って短くする技だよ。作り方は簡単で、①接続詞を消す ②主語を消す ③動詞を-ing形にするだけ。
分詞構文が表す意味は文脈で判断する。時（Walking along the street, I met an old friend. 道を歩いているとき、旧友に会った）、理由（Feeling sick, I went to bed early. 気分が悪かったので、早く寝た）、付帯状況（〜しながら）などがある。
受動態の分詞構文では、being + p.p.になるけど、beingは省略されることが多い。Seen from the plane, the island looks beautiful.（飛行機から見ると、島は美しく見える）みたいに、過去分詞から始まる形になるよ。
重要な注意点: 分詞構文の意味上の主語は、必ず主節の主語と同じでなければいけない！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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実践問題と解き方
例文で確認してみよう。The girl a book by the window is my sister.という問題では、まず修飾される名詞「girl」を確認する。
次に、girlとreadの関係を考える。少女は本を「読む」側だから能動関係。だから現在分詞のreadingを選んで、The girl reading a book by the window is my sister.（窓のそばで本を読んでいる少女は私の妹です）が正解だ。
分詞構文の問題 by the news, he couldn't say anything.では、主節の主語「he」に注目。彼はニュースに「衝撃を受けた」側（受動）だから、過去分詞のShockedを選ぶ。
解答のコツ: 修飾される名詞（または主節の主語）が「〜する」側なら現在分詞、「〜される」側なら過去分詞を選べば間違いなし！
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
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Join milions of students
テスト対策と重要ポイント
感情動詞（excite, surprise, interest等）の使い分けが頻出だよ。人を主語にするときは感情を「与えられる」ので過去分詞（I am interested in history.）、モノ・コトを主語にするときは感情を「与える」ので現在分詞（This book is interesting.）を使う。
分詞構文では、意味上の主語が主節の主語と一致するか必ずチェック！Walking down the street, a dog barked at me.みたいに、私が歩いているのに犬が主語になってる文は間違いだからね。
否定形では、分詞の直前にNotやNeverを置く。Not knowing what to do, I asked for help.（何をすべきかわからなかったので、助けを求めた）みたいに使うよ。
最終チェック: とにかく修飾する名詞との関係（能動か受動か）を常に意識すること！これをマスターすれば分詞は得意科目になるはず。
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Students love us — and so will you.
4.6/5
App Store
4.7/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user