Subjects

Careers

Open the App

Subjects

Subjects

Sociology

Social Stratification

Social Class

774

•

8 Jan 2023

•

12 pages

Fun with Marxism: Understanding Education with Karl Marx and Friends

user profile picture

Iram Zahier

@iramzahier_zvzq

Hey kids! Dive into the world of Marxism and learn about how people like Karl Marx and Althusser think about schools. We'll explore fun topics like what Marxism says about education, how class conflicts and inequality happen in schools, and look at some cool examples! Perfect for young minds curious about how education works!

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

The State's Role in Maintaining Capitalist Power

According to Marxist theory, the state plays a crucial role in maintaining capitalist power through two main components:

  1. Repressive State Apparatus: Police, courts, and army
  2. Ideological State Apparatus: Media, religion, and the education system

The education system serves two primary functions:

  1. Perpetuating inequality by failing lower-class students
  2. Indoctrinating workers to believe inequality is inevitable and justified

Vocabulary: Ideological State Apparatus refers to institutions that spread capitalist ideology and maintain class rule through non-violent means.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Paul Willis's Study: Learning to Labour

Paul Willis conducted a significant study on working-class boys in Birmingham, exploring why working-class children tend to get working-class jobs. Key findings include:

  • The boys showed little interest in school, viewing it as a place for "having a laugh"
  • They anticipated factory jobs regardless of their efforts
  • The study used qualitative research methods, including interviews and observations

Example: The boys in Willis's study preferred physical jobs over "brainy" ones, reflecting their internalized class expectations.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

The New Right Perspective on Education

The New Right offers a contrasting view to Marxism, advocating for marketization in education:

  • Believes the state cannot effectively meet people's educational needs
  • Supports adding choice and competition to education
  • Argues that private schools perform better than public schools

Definition: Marketization in education refers to introducing market principles like competition and consumer choice into the education system.

Chubb and Moe's study on American public vs. private schools:

  • Found that private schools perform better as they are accountable to fee-paying parents
  • Proposed a voucher system to increase parental choice and school responsiveness

Highlight: The New Right argues that competition between schools leads to better results and increased diversity to meet community needs.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Criticisms of the New Right Approach

Critics of the New Right perspective argue:

  • It disregards local needs and consumer input in education provision
  • State schools are not accountable to parents in the same way as private schools
  • Competition may benefit middle-class families with more cultural capital
  • School failure might be due to lack of funding rather than lack of competition

Vocabulary: Cultural capital refers to non-financial social assets that promote social mobility, such as education, intellect, and style of speech.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Ethnic Minorities and Educational Inequality

The document explores the experiences of ethnic minority students in the education system:

  • Black children's achievement drops significantly between primary and secondary school
  • Teachers are quicker to discipline ethnic minority students, particularly Black pupils
  • Negative stereotypes lead to Black students being placed in lower sets with limited opportunities

Example: Black pupils were found to be 21 points below average in high school, despite being high achievers in primary school.

Factors contributing to this inequality include:

  • Teacher perceptions and labeling of ethnic minority students
  • Formation of subcultures among students
  • Streaming practices based on stereotypes

Quote: "Teachers consider Black students to be disruptive and Asian students to be passive, therefore teachers treat children differently."

This analysis highlights the complex interplay of race, class, and education in perpetuating social inequalities, demonstrating the need for a more holistic approach to understanding and addressing educational disparities.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Marxism and Education: A Critical Overview

The Marxist view on education sees the education system as a tool for reproducing class inequalities and preparing workers for exploitation. Key points include:

  • Education produces an obedient workforce for the benefit of the bourgeoisie
  • Schools reward passive behavior needed for exploitation of the working class
  • The correspondence principle links education to workplace norms
  • Hidden curriculum teaches unwritten rules and values of capitalist society

Definition: The correspondence principle states that the norms and values taught in schools correspond to those needed in the workplace, facilitating exploitation.

Example: Students who are obedient and follow rules tend to receive higher grades, mirroring the desired traits in workers.

Highlight: Marxists argue that the education system maintains class divisions by failing lower-class students generation after generation.

Criticisms of the Marxist perspective include:

  • It doesn't account for the diversity promoted in modern education
  • The theory focuses solely on class-based inequality, ignoring other factors
  • The capitalist economy described by Marxists has evolved

Quote: "Education promotes / produces diversity, not obedience."

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr
MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr
MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr
MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr


Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

Subjects

Sociology

Social Stratification

Social Class

 

Sociology

•

774

•

8 Jan 2023

•

12 pages

Fun with Marxism: Understanding Education with Karl Marx and Friends

user profile picture

Iram Zahier

@iramzahier_zvzq

Hey kids! Dive into the world of Marxism and learn about how people like Karl Marx and Althusser think about schools. We'll explore fun topics like what Marxism says about education, how class conflicts and inequality happen in schools, and look at some cool examples! Perfect for young minds curious about how education works!

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

The State's Role in Maintaining Capitalist Power

According to Marxist theory, the state plays a crucial role in maintaining capitalist power through two main components:

  1. Repressive State Apparatus: Police, courts, and army
  2. Ideological State Apparatus: Media, religion, and the education system

The education system serves two primary functions:

  1. Perpetuating inequality by failing lower-class students
  2. Indoctrinating workers to believe inequality is inevitable and justified

Vocabulary: Ideological State Apparatus refers to institutions that spread capitalist ideology and maintain class rule through non-violent means.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Paul Willis's Study: Learning to Labour

Paul Willis conducted a significant study on working-class boys in Birmingham, exploring why working-class children tend to get working-class jobs. Key findings include:

  • The boys showed little interest in school, viewing it as a place for "having a laugh"
  • They anticipated factory jobs regardless of their efforts
  • The study used qualitative research methods, including interviews and observations

Example: The boys in Willis's study preferred physical jobs over "brainy" ones, reflecting their internalized class expectations.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

The New Right Perspective on Education

The New Right offers a contrasting view to Marxism, advocating for marketization in education:

  • Believes the state cannot effectively meet people's educational needs
  • Supports adding choice and competition to education
  • Argues that private schools perform better than public schools

Definition: Marketization in education refers to introducing market principles like competition and consumer choice into the education system.

Chubb and Moe's study on American public vs. private schools:

  • Found that private schools perform better as they are accountable to fee-paying parents
  • Proposed a voucher system to increase parental choice and school responsiveness

Highlight: The New Right argues that competition between schools leads to better results and increased diversity to meet community needs.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Criticisms of the New Right Approach

Critics of the New Right perspective argue:

  • It disregards local needs and consumer input in education provision
  • State schools are not accountable to parents in the same way as private schools
  • Competition may benefit middle-class families with more cultural capital
  • School failure might be due to lack of funding rather than lack of competition

Vocabulary: Cultural capital refers to non-financial social assets that promote social mobility, such as education, intellect, and style of speech.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Ethnic Minorities and Educational Inequality

The document explores the experiences of ethnic minority students in the education system:

  • Black children's achievement drops significantly between primary and secondary school
  • Teachers are quicker to discipline ethnic minority students, particularly Black pupils
  • Negative stereotypes lead to Black students being placed in lower sets with limited opportunities

Example: Black pupils were found to be 21 points below average in high school, despite being high achievers in primary school.

Factors contributing to this inequality include:

  • Teacher perceptions and labeling of ethnic minority students
  • Formation of subcultures among students
  • Streaming practices based on stereotypes

Quote: "Teachers consider Black students to be disruptive and Asian students to be passive, therefore teachers treat children differently."

This analysis highlights the complex interplay of race, class, and education in perpetuating social inequalities, demonstrating the need for a more holistic approach to understanding and addressing educational disparities.

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Marxism and Education: A Critical Overview

The Marxist view on education sees the education system as a tool for reproducing class inequalities and preparing workers for exploitation. Key points include:

  • Education produces an obedient workforce for the benefit of the bourgeoisie
  • Schools reward passive behavior needed for exploitation of the working class
  • The correspondence principle links education to workplace norms
  • Hidden curriculum teaches unwritten rules and values of capitalist society

Definition: The correspondence principle states that the norms and values taught in schools correspond to those needed in the workplace, facilitating exploitation.

Example: Students who are obedient and follow rules tend to receive higher grades, mirroring the desired traits in workers.

Highlight: Marxists argue that the education system maintains class divisions by failing lower-class students generation after generation.

Criticisms of the Marxist perspective include:

  • It doesn't account for the diversity promoted in modern education
  • The theory focuses solely on class-based inequality, ignoring other factors
  • The capitalist economy described by Marxists has evolved

Quote: "Education promotes / produces diversity, not obedience."

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

MARXISM see society based on conflict and class division between the capitalist class and the working class. conflict can be created when pr

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.

Students love us — and so will you.

4.9/5

App Store

4.8/5

Google Play

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user

The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.

Stefan S

iOS user

This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.

Samantha Klich

Android user

Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.

Anna

iOS user

Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good

Thomas R

iOS user

Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.

Basil

Android user

This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.

David K

iOS user

The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!

Sudenaz Ocak

Android user

In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.

Greenlight Bonnie

Android user

very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.

Rohan U

Android user

I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.

Xander S

iOS user

THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮

Elisha

iOS user

This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now

Paul T

iOS user