Chemical  || Kinetic || Gravitational Potential  || Elastic Potential || Thermal 

False, in an open system energy is dissipated, energy is conserved in a closed system

True or False? In an open system energy is conserved

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be stored or transferred 

How do you calculate gravitational potential energy?

How do you calculate elastic potential energy?

The energy transferred per second in. material

Insulators have a low thermal conductivity and conductors have a high thermal conductivity

Do insulators have a low or high thermal conductivity?

Temperature Gradient, Thicknes of Material and Thermal Conductivity

What three factors can impact energy transfer?

Conduction - The particles within the solid vibrate which cause them to heat up and then pass the energy to the particle next to it causing it to heat up. Conduction works best in solids because the particles are close together

Solar panels absorb infrared radiation from the sun and directly heat water whereas solar cells generate electricity, connected to a circuit

What is the difference between solar panels and solar cells?

The energy needed to raise the temperature of a 1kg substance by 1°C. It is measured in J/Kg°C

How do you calculate specific heat capacity?

Double glazed windows || Loft insulation || Cavity wall insulation|| Silver foil behind radiators || Thick walls || Draft excluders || Soft furnishings 

How can you reduce heat loss from a house?

Give examples of non-renewable resources 

Boiler burns coal and oil which heats water, this generates a steam which powers a wind turbine, the wind turbine is connected to a generator which generated electricity and electricity is distributed to the country through the National Grid

Energy that is generated through biomass, they are carbon neutral

Advantages - Can be used in remote locations and do not use greenhouse gasses || Disadvantages - They require a lot of space which damages habitats, they are unreliable and cause noise and vision pollution

What are advantages and disadvantages of wind turbines?

Advantages - No greenhouse gases produced and it is a renewable resource || Disadvantages - It can cause fooding in local areas and destroys habitats

What are advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric energy?

Advantages - they are reliable and produce lots of electricity || Disadvantages - they are expensive and destroy natural habitats 

What are advantages and disadvantages of wave power?

They produce greenhouse gasses which causes global warming and acid rain from sulphur dioxide, they will also eventually run out (non-renewable) 

Advantages - reliable and efficient and they do not produce greenhouse gases || Disadvantages - they are non-renewable and expensive, they also cause radioactive waste

What are advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy?

Has all components in a single loop and the current is the same throughout the circuit, the potential difference is shared between components 

Only let's the current flow one way which makes the current flow negative

the current through a resistor at a constant temperature is directly proportional to the voltage difference across the resistor

How difficult it is for electrons to pass through a material

There are multiple loops in a circuit, potential difference is constant and the same as the cell and current is shared between loops

In AC the current changes direction whereas in DC the current flows in only one direction

What is the difference between AC and DC?

Electricity is made ina. power station which then goes to Step Up systems, these feed in to the National Grid, after which the electricity is Stepped Down so it can be distributed to homes

Step Up increases volatage from power stations to cables and Step Down decrease voltage to 230V before reaching homes

What do Step Up and Step Down systems do for the National Grid?

The earth wire is green and yellow, the live wire is brown and the neutral wire is blue

What colours are the different wires in a plug?

The current runs through the live wire which carries the AC, the neutral wire completes the circuit, the earth wire carries the current when a fault occurs, this wire attaches to the ground - it is a safety feature 

How do the different wires in plugs work?

A thin wire connected to a live wire, if current goes too high the fuse will break meaning no more current will run - it is another safety feature

The energy transferred when a substance changes state, during this change temperature stays constant and bonds break

the energy needed to change between a solid and a liquid

the energy needed to change states between liquid and gas

There are strong forces between molecules, when heated the particles vibrate which breaks bonds causing the solid to melt

There are weak forces between particles, when heated the particles gain enough energy to break these bonds which causes the liquid to vapourise

How are the particles arranged in liquids?

There are no forces between particles, when the particles collide it experts pressure, when heated the particles gain kinetic energy and move faster meaning more collisions occur which increases pressure

The energy stored by the particles due to their individual position and motion

how do you calculate specific latent heat?

kinetic energy ÷ mass × change in temperature 

Thompson thought that atoms were a sphere of positive energy with randomly placed negative electrons

That the atom has a nucleus, he discovered this through the alpha particle scattering experiment, most of the alpha particles went through the foil which means that the atom is mostly empty space with a small nucleus centre

Positively charged particles with 2 protons and 2 neutrons

A thin sheet of per can absorb them, it has a 5cm range

What can absorb alpha particles? What is it's range?

A thin sheet of aluminium of lead can absorb beta particles, it has a range of 1m

What can absorb beta particles? What is it's range?

A thick sheet of lead or concrete absorbs gamma waves, it's range is unlimited

What can absorb gamma particles?What is it's range?

Radiation is ionising. What does this mean?

The number of unstable nucleus decay per second

English (UK)

Physics AQA  Paper 1 for GCSE Trilogy Higher Tier

GCSE AQA Paper 1 Content

Flashcards

GCSE AQA Paper 1 Content

Flashcards