Binary Number Systems and CPU Components
This section introduces binary number systems and CPU components, which are fundamental concepts in computer science.
Binary Number System
The binary system uses only 0s and 1s to represent data, forming the foundation of digital technology. It corresponds to the on/off states in electrical systems.
Definition: Binary is a base-2 number system, while denary decimal is a base-10 system.
Binary to Decimal Conversion
The document provides a step-by-step example of converting binary to decimal:
Example: Converting 10110110 to decimal
- Create a table with place values 128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1
- Add the values where there's a 1 in the binary number
- Result: 128 + 32 + 16 + 4 + 2 = 182
Decimal to Binary Conversion
A reverse process is explained for converting decimal to binary:
Example: Converting 145 to binary
- Create a binary table
- Add 1s from left to right to reach the decimal number
- Result: 10010001
CPU CentralProcessingUnit
The CPU is described as the brain of a computer system, processing data and executing instructions.
Vocabulary: Input devices e.g.,mouse,keyboard enter data into a computer, while output devices e.g.,monitor,printer display or output data.
What is a Computer?
The document emphasizes that computers are programmable machines found in various everyday devices, not just PCs and laptops.
Highlight: A computer is an electronic device that takes in data/commands, processes it, and outputs the result.