- Hard engineering involves the use of artificial structures like sea walls and groynes for coastal management
- Types of hard engineering include groynes, sea walls, rock armour, and gabions
- Groynes trap sediment and enlarge the beach, but can lead to erosion elsewhere
- Sea walls reflect waves and effectively stop the sea, but are obtrusive and have high maintenance costs
- Rock armour and gabions are also used for coastal protection, with their own advantages and disadvantages
Hard engineering for coastal management involves using artificial structures like sea walls and groynes to control natural processes. Types of hard engineering include groynes, sea walls, rock armour, and gabions. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages, such as cost and environmental impact. When choosing a hard engineering strategy, it's important to consider these factors to ensure effective coastal management.
