Organisms and Cell Types
This page introduces the fundamental concepts of cell biology, focusing on the two main types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
Prokaryotic cells are small, simple, and typically found in single-celled organisms like bacteria. They lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex, making up all plant and animal cells. They contain a nucleus and various organelles.
Definition: Prokaryote means "before nucleus," while eukaryote means "true nucleus."
The page also outlines the basic structure of an animal cell, including:
- Nucleus: Contains genetic material and controls the cell
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like substance where chemical reactions occur
- Cell membrane: Controls what enters and exits the cell
- Mitochondria: Site of aerobic respiration
- Ribosomes: Where protein synthesis takes place
Highlight: Understanding the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is crucial for GCSE Biology microscopy exam questions and forms the foundation for more advanced A level Biology OCR topics.