Page 1: External Factors and Cultural Deprivation

This page explores the fundamental concepts of ethnicity and educational achievement disparities. The content examines how cultural deprivation affects different ethnic groups' educational outcomes.

Definition: Ethnicity refers to shared culture, identity and history among groups who see themselves as distinct based on religion, geography or language.

Highlight: Black and Pakistani pupils generally achieve lower educational outcomes while Chinese and Indian students tend to perform best academically.

The page details various aspects of cultural deprivation theory, including:

• Intellectual and language development challenges
• Family structure impacts
• The role of cultural values and attitudes

Example: Operation Head Start (USA) and Sure Start (UK) are compensatory education programs designed to address cultural deprivation in disadvantaged communities.

Quote: "The subculture into which some black children are socialised is fatalistic and focused on immediate gratification, resulting in lack of motivation to succeed."