Page 2: Internal Factors and Criticism of Cultural Deprivation

This page examines criticisms of cultural deprivation theory and explores internal factors affecting ethnic differences in educational achievement.

Highlight: Material deprivation significantly impacts ethnic minority students, with half of ethnic minority children living in low-income households.

The page discusses several key aspects of institutional racism and labeling:

• Teacher expectations and racial stereotyping
• Differential treatment of Asian and Black pupils
• Impact of social exclusion

Example: Teachers were found to use simplistic language with Asian pupils, assuming poor English skills, and frequently mispronounced their names.

Quote: "Gillborn and Youdell found teachers had 'racialised expectations' about black pupils and expected more discipline problems and saw their behaviour as threatening."

Vocabulary: Racialised expectations - preconceived notions and stereotypes about students based on their racial or ethnic background.

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Page 1: External Factors and Cultural Deprivation

This page explores the fundamental concepts of ethnicity and educational achievement disparities. The content examines how cultural deprivation affects different ethnic groups' educational outcomes.

Definition: Ethnicity refers to shared culture, identity and history among groups who see themselves as distinct based on religion, geography or language.

Highlight: Black and Pakistani pupils generally achieve lower educational outcomes while Chinese and Indian students tend to perform best academically.

The page details various aspects of cultural deprivation theory, including:

• Intellectual and language development challenges
• Family structure impacts
• The role of cultural values and attitudes

Example: Operation Head Start (USA) and Sure Start (UK) are compensatory education programs designed to address cultural deprivation in disadvantaged communities.

Quote: "The subculture into which some black children are socialised is fatalistic and focused on immediate gratification, resulting in lack of motivation to succeed."