Crime and Deviance in Sociology: Key Theories and Sociologists
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AQA GCSE Sociology Mind Map - Crime and Deviance, Family, Key Sociologists Year 10, 11
Hannah
@hannahmaia
Page 2: Family Sociologists and Theories
This page delves into various sociological perspectives on family structures, roles, and functions in society.
Functionalist views:
- Murdock outlined 4 functions of the family: sexual, reproductive, economic, and socialization
- Parsons added the "Warm Bath Theory" to functionalist understanding of family roles
Definition: The Warm Bath Theory suggests that the family serves as a place of relaxation and emotional support for working adults, helping them cope with the stresses of modern life.
Marxist perspectives:
- Zaretsky argued that the family cushions the harsh effects of capitalism
- Delphy & Leonard viewed the family as patriarchal and hierarchical
Feminist critiques:
- Oakley challenged the concept of the conventional family
- Ginn & Arber examined how elderly experiences are affected by class, gender, and ethnicity
Changing family structures:
- Young and Willmott introduced the concept of the symmetrical family becoming more common
- Allan & Crowe expanded the definition of family to include siblings, parents, aunts, and partners
Example: The symmetrical family refers to a family structure where roles and responsibilities are more equally shared between partners, contrasting with traditional gender-based divisions of labor.
Cultural and technological influences:
- Rapoport identified 5 ways families can be diverse: organizational, cohort, life course, culture, and class
- Postman suggested technology is causing children to act like adults earlier in life
The page also touches on concepts like arranged marriages, cohabitation, and the role of friends as emotional support for single individuals.
Highlight: This overview is particularly relevant for students studying AQA GCSE Sociology or preparing for Sociology paper 3 Crime and deviance examinations.
Page 1: Crime and Deviance Sociologists
This page presents a comprehensive overview of key sociologists and their theories related to crime and deviance in sociology.
Highlight: The page covers a wide range of sociological perspectives on crime, including functionalist, Marxist, feminist, and subcultural theories.
Functionalist perspectives:
- Durkheim outlined 3 functions of crime: reaffirming boundaries, promoting social cohesion, and allowing for functional rebels
- Davis viewed crime as a "safety valve" for society
- Merton developed strain theory to explain deviance
Subcultural and labeling theories:
- Cohen linked youth delinquency to subcultural theory, emphasizing group dynamics
- Becker introduced concepts of deviant careers and outsiders
Definition: Deviant career refers to the process by which individuals become labeled as deviant and potentially embrace that identity over time.
Feminist perspectives:
- Heidensohn proposed control theory related to female criminality
- Carlen examined how women may turn to crime if they feel they have "nothing to lose" in terms of class or gender expectations
Marxist views:
- Chambliss argued the police act as a "tool of the ruling class"
- Gordon claimed capitalism causes an unfair criminal justice system that targets street crime
Other important concepts:
- Moral panics and folk devils (Cohen)
- White-collar crime (Nelken)
- Chivalry thesis in feminist criminology
Vocabulary: Moral panic refers to a widespread fear about a perceived threat to social order, often amplified by media coverage.
The page also touches on racial disparities in crime and housing, noting that 50% of black people live in low-income housing compared to 20% of white people.
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Thomas R
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Basil
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This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
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The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
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In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
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very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
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I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
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THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
AQA GCSE Sociology Mind Map - Crime and Deviance, Family, Key Sociologists Year 10, 11
Hannah
@hannahmaia
Crime and Deviance in Sociology: Key Theories and Sociologists
This document provides an overview of important sociological theories and theorists related to crime, deviance, and family structures. It covers functionalist, Marxist, feminist, and other perspectives on these topics.
Key points:... Show more
Page 2: Family Sociologists and Theories
This page delves into various sociological perspectives on family structures, roles, and functions in society.
Functionalist views:
- Murdock outlined 4 functions of the family: sexual, reproductive, economic, and socialization
- Parsons added the "Warm Bath Theory" to functionalist understanding of family roles
Definition: The Warm Bath Theory suggests that the family serves as a place of relaxation and emotional support for working adults, helping them cope with the stresses of modern life.
Marxist perspectives:
- Zaretsky argued that the family cushions the harsh effects of capitalism
- Delphy & Leonard viewed the family as patriarchal and hierarchical
Feminist critiques:
- Oakley challenged the concept of the conventional family
- Ginn & Arber examined how elderly experiences are affected by class, gender, and ethnicity
Changing family structures:
- Young and Willmott introduced the concept of the symmetrical family becoming more common
- Allan & Crowe expanded the definition of family to include siblings, parents, aunts, and partners
Example: The symmetrical family refers to a family structure where roles and responsibilities are more equally shared between partners, contrasting with traditional gender-based divisions of labor.
Cultural and technological influences:
- Rapoport identified 5 ways families can be diverse: organizational, cohort, life course, culture, and class
- Postman suggested technology is causing children to act like adults earlier in life
The page also touches on concepts like arranged marriages, cohabitation, and the role of friends as emotional support for single individuals.
Highlight: This overview is particularly relevant for students studying AQA GCSE Sociology or preparing for Sociology paper 3 Crime and deviance examinations.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Page 1: Crime and Deviance Sociologists
This page presents a comprehensive overview of key sociologists and their theories related to crime and deviance in sociology.
Highlight: The page covers a wide range of sociological perspectives on crime, including functionalist, Marxist, feminist, and subcultural theories.
Functionalist perspectives:
- Durkheim outlined 3 functions of crime: reaffirming boundaries, promoting social cohesion, and allowing for functional rebels
- Davis viewed crime as a "safety valve" for society
- Merton developed strain theory to explain deviance
Subcultural and labeling theories:
- Cohen linked youth delinquency to subcultural theory, emphasizing group dynamics
- Becker introduced concepts of deviant careers and outsiders
Definition: Deviant career refers to the process by which individuals become labeled as deviant and potentially embrace that identity over time.
Feminist perspectives:
- Heidensohn proposed control theory related to female criminality
- Carlen examined how women may turn to crime if they feel they have "nothing to lose" in terms of class or gender expectations
Marxist views:
- Chambliss argued the police act as a "tool of the ruling class"
- Gordon claimed capitalism causes an unfair criminal justice system that targets street crime
Other important concepts:
- Moral panics and folk devils (Cohen)
- White-collar crime (Nelken)
- Chivalry thesis in feminist criminology
Vocabulary: Moral panic refers to a widespread fear about a perceived threat to social order, often amplified by media coverage.
The page also touches on racial disparities in crime and housing, noting that 50% of black people live in low-income housing compared to 20% of white people.
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE Knowunity AI. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user