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Thomas Aquinas was a pivotal figure in medieval philosophy, synthesizing Christian theology with Aristotelian philosophy. His work on ethics, law, and politics continues to influence Western thought today.
18/06/2023
545
This page delves into Thomas Aquinas' contribution to philosophy, particularly his adaptation of Aristotelian ideas to Christian theology. It also explores teleological arguments for God's existence and the problem of evil.
Aquinas, heavily influenced by Aristotle, argued for the existence of God using rational arguments. His Five Ways, including the argument from motion and the argument from design, remain influential in philosophical theology.
Example: Aquinas' argument from motion states that since everything that moves is moved by something else, there must be an unmoved first mover, which he identifies as God.
The page discusses the teleological argument or argument from design, which suggests that the order and complexity of the universe imply an intelligent designer. William Paley's watchmaker analogy is mentioned as a classic formulation of this argument.
Quote: "Design qua purpose: universe was designed"
The problem of evil is introduced as a significant challenge to theistic beliefs. This philosophical issue questions how an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good God could allow evil and suffering in the world.
Highlight: The problem of evil is a central topic in OCR Religious Studies A Level and continues to be debated in contemporary philosophy of religion.
Various responses to the problem of evil are briefly mentioned, including Augustine's free will defense and John Hick's soul-making theodicy. These ideas are often explored in OCR Philosophy and Ethics A Level courses.
The page also touches on critiques of design arguments, including David Hume's skeptical approach and Darwin's theory of evolution, which provided an alternative explanation for the apparent design in nature.
Aristotle's philosophy significantly influenced later thinkers like Thomas Aquinas. This page explores key Aristotelian concepts that shaped medieval philosophy and theology.
Aristotle proposed the idea of a Prime Mover as the ultimate cause of all motion and change in the universe. This concept was later adapted by Christian philosophers as an argument for God's existence. Aristotle's theory of Forms also played a crucial role in shaping medieval metaphysics.
Definition: The Prime Mover is Aristotle's concept of an unmoved first cause that initiates all motion in the universe without itself being moved.
Aristotle argued that change is a process of actualization, where potential becomes reality. This idea of change as good and purposeful influenced later teleological arguments for God's existence.
Highlight: Aristotle's philosophy laid the groundwork for many arguments in OCR A Level Philosophy and medieval Christian theology.
The page also touches on Plato's theory of Forms, which posited that abstract, perfect forms exist beyond the physical world. This concept influenced both Aristotle and later Christian thinkers.
Vocabulary: Forms, in Platonic philosophy, are perfect, immaterial archetypes of which physical objects are imperfect copies.
The document mentions challenges to these ideas, including the problem of how immaterial forms interact with the material world. This issue became central to debates in medieval philosophy and continues to be discussed in OCR Philosophy A Level courses.
3
193
12/13
Plato and Aristotle
A detailed sheet on OCR RS Alevel Plato and Aristotle ancients topic
5
168
S5/S6
Origins of universe
Higher RMPS
12
281
12/12
Religious Language Discussion
Arguments for and against whether religious language has any meaning - looking at verification, falsification and eschatological verification. Following A-Level AQA Philosophy.
10
190
12/13
Aristotle summary notes for Alevel
A-Level Philosophy and Ethics for OCR summary notes for Aristotle topic. Including quotations and analysis.
22
469
12/13
Soul, Mind and Body OCR religious studies philosophy notes
soul, mind, and body key notes + possible exam questions
24
468
12/13
DIRECT REALISM - Philosophy
AQA Philosophy A Level, Content of Direct Realism [ EPISTEMOLOGY ]
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sophie
@louisesophxo
·
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Follow
Thomas Aquinas was a pivotal figure in medieval philosophy, synthesizing Christian theology with Aristotelian philosophy. His work on ethics, law, and politics continues to influence Western thought today.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This page delves into Thomas Aquinas' contribution to philosophy, particularly his adaptation of Aristotelian ideas to Christian theology. It also explores teleological arguments for God's existence and the problem of evil.
Aquinas, heavily influenced by Aristotle, argued for the existence of God using rational arguments. His Five Ways, including the argument from motion and the argument from design, remain influential in philosophical theology.
Example: Aquinas' argument from motion states that since everything that moves is moved by something else, there must be an unmoved first mover, which he identifies as God.
The page discusses the teleological argument or argument from design, which suggests that the order and complexity of the universe imply an intelligent designer. William Paley's watchmaker analogy is mentioned as a classic formulation of this argument.
Quote: "Design qua purpose: universe was designed"
The problem of evil is introduced as a significant challenge to theistic beliefs. This philosophical issue questions how an all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good God could allow evil and suffering in the world.
Highlight: The problem of evil is a central topic in OCR Religious Studies A Level and continues to be debated in contemporary philosophy of religion.
Various responses to the problem of evil are briefly mentioned, including Augustine's free will defense and John Hick's soul-making theodicy. These ideas are often explored in OCR Philosophy and Ethics A Level courses.
The page also touches on critiques of design arguments, including David Hume's skeptical approach and Darwin's theory of evolution, which provided an alternative explanation for the apparent design in nature.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Aristotle's philosophy significantly influenced later thinkers like Thomas Aquinas. This page explores key Aristotelian concepts that shaped medieval philosophy and theology.
Aristotle proposed the idea of a Prime Mover as the ultimate cause of all motion and change in the universe. This concept was later adapted by Christian philosophers as an argument for God's existence. Aristotle's theory of Forms also played a crucial role in shaping medieval metaphysics.
Definition: The Prime Mover is Aristotle's concept of an unmoved first cause that initiates all motion in the universe without itself being moved.
Aristotle argued that change is a process of actualization, where potential becomes reality. This idea of change as good and purposeful influenced later teleological arguments for God's existence.
Highlight: Aristotle's philosophy laid the groundwork for many arguments in OCR A Level Philosophy and medieval Christian theology.
The page also touches on Plato's theory of Forms, which posited that abstract, perfect forms exist beyond the physical world. This concept influenced both Aristotle and later Christian thinkers.
Vocabulary: Forms, in Platonic philosophy, are perfect, immaterial archetypes of which physical objects are imperfect copies.
The document mentions challenges to these ideas, including the problem of how immaterial forms interact with the material world. This issue became central to debates in medieval philosophy and continues to be discussed in OCR Philosophy A Level courses.
Religious Studies - Plato and Aristotle
A detailed sheet on OCR RS Alevel Plato and Aristotle ancients topic
3
193
0
Religious Studies - Origins of universe
Higher RMPS
5
168
1
Religious Studies - Religious Language Discussion
Arguments for and against whether religious language has any meaning - looking at verification, falsification and eschatological verification. Following A-Level AQA Philosophy.
12
281
0
Religious Studies - Aristotle summary notes for Alevel
A-Level Philosophy and Ethics for OCR summary notes for Aristotle topic. Including quotations and analysis.
10
190
0
Religious Studies - Soul, Mind and Body OCR religious studies philosophy notes
soul, mind, and body key notes + possible exam questions
22
469
0
Religious Studies - DIRECT REALISM - Philosophy
AQA Philosophy A Level, Content of Direct Realism [ EPISTEMOLOGY ]
24
468
0
Average app rating
Pupils love Knowunity
In education app charts in 12 countries
Students have uploaded notes
iOS User
Philip, iOS User
Lena, iOS user
