Page 2: Bartlett's Study and Perception Theories

This page explores Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study from 1932 and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Reconstructive memory theory suggests that memories are rebuilt based on individual experiences and expectations.

The methodology of Bartlett's study involved:

• Participants reading a Native American story
• 15-minute reading period
• Serial reproduction technique

Highlight: Results showed significant story alterations as participants modified details to align with their cultural understanding.

Quote: "Memory is not accurate at recording events but constructed and reconstructed to fit with individuals' own experiences."

Gibson's direct theory of perception introduces:

• Motion parallax concept
• Relative size and height perception
• Three-dimensional world perception

Vocabulary:

• Motion Parallax: Visual field changes where closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones
• Ecological Validity: The degree to which research findings can be applied to real-world situations

Page 2: Bartlett's War of the Ghosts and Perception Theories

This page details Bartlett's 1932 study and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Gibson's direct theory suggests perception occurs purely through sensory information without internal processing.

Example: Motion parallax demonstrates how closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones in our visual field.

Highlight: Bartlett's study revealed how memory reconstruction is influenced by cultural background and personal experiences.

The study's evaluation shows:

• Supports reconstructive memory theory
• Provides real-world applications
• Limited predictive capability for emotional influences on memory

Page 1: Multi-Store Model and Murdock's Study

The page introduces the fundamental concepts of memory psychology, particularly focusing on the multi store model of memory atkinson and shiffrin.

Definition: The multi-store model consists of three distinct memory stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Highlight: Short-term memory has a capacity of 7±2 items with a duration of approximately 18 seconds.

The page details Murdock's serial position curve study method, which involved:

• 16 participants
• Lists of 20 words presented at one word per second
• 90-second recall period
• Six repetitions over several days

Example: The serial position effect demonstrates better recall of words at the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list.

Vocabulary:

• Primacy Effect: Better recall of items at the start of a list
• Recency Effect: Better recall of items at the end of a list