Understanding Murdock's 1962 Serial Position Study and Memory Psychology

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Sam Greer

15/02/2023

Psychology

Psychology GCSE AQA - Perception, and Memory study notes.

Subjects

Psychology

Understanding Murdock's 1962 Serial Position Study and Memory Psychology

The serial position effect and memory models in psychology, focusing on Murdock's serial position curve study and related theories of memory and perception.

Key points:

Explores the multi store model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
Details Murdock's 1962 experiment on memory recall
Examines Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study (1932)
Discusses theories of perception including Gibson's direct theory and Gregory's constructivist approach

15/02/2023

<p>Murdock's serial position study in 1962 aimed to prove the existence of short-term memory and was based on the multi-store model propose

Page 2: Bartlett's Study and Perception Theories

This page explores Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study from 1932 and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Reconstructive memory theory suggests that memories are rebuilt based on individual experiences and expectations.

The methodology of Bartlett's study involved:

Participants reading a Native American story
15-minute reading period
Serial reproduction technique

Highlight: Results showed significant story alterations as participants modified details to align with their cultural understanding.

Quote: "Memory is not accurate at recording events but constructed and reconstructed to fit with individuals' own experiences."

Gibson's direct theory of perception introduces:

Motion parallax concept
Relative size and height perception
Three-dimensional world perception

Vocabulary:

Motion Parallax: Visual field changes where closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones
Ecological Validity: The degree to which research findings can be applied to real-world situations

Page 2: Bartlett's War of the Ghosts and Perception Theories

This page details Bartlett's 1932 study and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Gibson's direct theory suggests perception occurs purely through sensory information without internal processing.

Example: Motion parallax demonstrates how closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones in our visual field.

Highlight: Bartlett's study revealed how memory reconstruction is influenced by cultural background and personal experiences.

The study's evaluation shows:

Supports reconstructive memory theory
Provides real-world applications
Limited predictive capability for emotional influences on memory

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Subjects

Psychology

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482

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15 Feb 2023

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3 pages

Understanding Murdock's 1962 Serial Position Study and Memory Psychology

Sam Greer

@sammy_gee

The serial position effect and memory models in psychology, focusing on Murdock's serial position curve study and related theories of memory and perception.

Key points:

Explores the multi store model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
Details Murdock's 1962... Show more

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Page 2: Bartlett's Study and Perception Theories

This page explores Bartlett's War of the Ghosts study from 1932 and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Reconstructive memory theory suggests that memories are rebuilt based on individual experiences and expectations.

The methodology of Bartlett's study involved:

Participants reading a Native American story

15-minute reading period

Serial reproduction technique

Highlight: Results showed significant story alterations as participants modified details to align with their cultural understanding.

Quote: "Memory is not accurate at recording events but constructed and reconstructed to fit with individuals' own experiences."

Gibson's direct theory of perception introduces:

Motion parallax concept

Relative size and height perception

Three-dimensional world perception

Vocabulary:

Motion Parallax: Visual field changes where closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones

Ecological Validity: The degree to which research findings can be applied to real-world situations

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 2: Bartlett's War of the Ghosts and Perception Theories

This page details Bartlett's 1932 study and introduces Gibson's direct theory of perception.

Definition: Gibson's direct theory suggests perception occurs purely through sensory information without internal processing.

Example: Motion parallax demonstrates how closer objects appear to move faster than distant ones in our visual field.

Highlight: Bartlett's study revealed how memory reconstruction is influenced by cultural background and personal experiences.

The study's evaluation shows:

Supports reconstructive memory theory

Provides real-world applications

Limited predictive capability for emotional influences on memory

Sign up to see the contentIt's free!

Access to all documents

Improve your grades

Join milions of students

By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy

Page 1: Multi-Store Model and Murdock's Study

The page introduces the fundamental concepts of memory psychology, particularly focusing on the multi store model of memory atkinson and shiffrin.

Definition: The multi-store model consists of three distinct memory stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Highlight: Short-term memory has a capacity of 7±2 items with a duration of approximately 18 seconds.

The page details Murdock's serial position curve study method, which involved:

16 participants

Lists of 20 words presented at one word per second

90-second recall period

Six repetitions over several days

Example: The serial position effect demonstrates better recall of words at the beginning $primacy effect$ and end $recency effect$ of a list.

Vocabulary:

Primacy Effect: Better recall of items at the start of a list

Recency Effect: Better recall of items at the end of a list

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