Subjects
Classic Dramatic Literature
Modern Lyric Poetry
Influential English-Language Authors
Classic and Contemporary Novels
Literary Character Analysis
Romantic and Love Poetry
Reading Analysis and Interpretation
Evidence Analysis and Integration
Author's Stylistic Elements
Figurative Language and Rhetoric
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Human Organ Systems
Cellular Organization and Development
Biomolecular Structure and Organization
Enzyme Structure and Regulation
Cellular Organization Types
Biological Homeostatic Processes
Cellular Membrane Structure
Autotrophic Energy Processes
Environmental Sustainability and Impact
Neural Communication Systems
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Social Sciences Research & Practice
Social Structure and Mobility
Classic Social Influence Experiments
Social Systems Theories
Family and Relationship Dynamics
Memory Systems and Processes
Neural Bases of Behavior
Social Influence and Attraction
Psychotherapeutic Approaches
Human Agency and Responsibility
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Chemical Sciences and Applications
Chemical Bond Types and Properties
Organic Functional Groups
Atomic Structure and Composition
Chromatographic Separation Principles
Chemical Compound Classifications
Electrochemical Cell Systems
Periodic Table Organization
Chemical Reaction Kinetics
Chemical Equation Conservation
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Nazi Germany and Holocaust 1933-1945
World Wars and Peace Treaties
European Monarchs and Statesmen
Cold War Global Tensions
Medieval Institutions and Systems
European Renaissance and Enlightenment
Modern Global Environmental-Health Challenges
Modern Military Conflicts
Medieval Migration and Invasions
World Wars Era and Impact
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201
•
21 Dec 2025
•
Louise
@louise_studies
When it comes to understanding health and changing behaviours, psychology... Show more
Think of health as more than just "not being sick" - it's actually a complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing. This broader definition helps explain why treating health issues requires looking at the whole person, not just symptoms.
The Biomedical Model treats the body like a machine that needs fixing when broken, using drugs and physical treatments. However, this approach is quite reductionist because it ignores social, economic and environmental factors that affect health. It also separates mind and body, which doesn't account for conditions like psychosomatic illnesses where symptoms are created in the mind.
A more comprehensive approach is the Biopsychosocial Model, which considers three key factors: biological , psychological (thoughts, emotions, motivation), and social (peer pressure, community access to services, mass media influence). This model recognises that all these elements work together to influence our health.
Key Insight: The Transtheoretical Model shows that addiction recovery happens in stages - from pre-contemplation (denial) through contemplation, preparation, action, to maintenance - and therapy needs to adapt to whichever stage someone's at.
The Health Belief Model (HBM) works like an internal algorithm that helps predict whether someone will engage in healthy behaviours. It's built on four key components: perceived susceptibility (how vulnerable you feel), perceived seriousness (how harmful you think the risk is), barriers and benefits (what stops or motivates you), and cues to action (triggers like symptoms or health campaigns).
Becker's study on asthma medication perfectly demonstrates this model in action. Mothers whose beliefs aligned with HBM components showed better adherence to their children's medication. Those who believed their child was susceptible to serious asthma attacks and understood the benefits were more likely to stick to treatment plans.
However, the HBM assumes people always think rationally, which isn't realistic since emotions often drive our decisions. It's also reductionist because it doesn't consider factors like self-efficacy or social pressure that heavily influence behaviour.
Real-World Application: Cognitive dissonance occurs when your attitudes don't match your behaviour, creating uncomfortable tension. For example, a smoker who knows smoking is harmful experiences dissonance, which they might resolve by either quitting or finding ways to justify their habit.
Your locus of control essentially determines whether you believe you're in charge of your life or at the mercy of external forces. People with internal locus of control feel they can influence outcomes through their actions, leading to less stress, better health, and higher self-esteem. They're more likely to engage in protective health behaviours and less likely to take dangerous risks.
Those with external locus of control believe luck, chance, or other people control their lives. This can lead to more stress, poorer health choices, and lower self-esteem because they feel powerless to change their circumstances.
Krause's study with older adults revealed something fascinating: both extreme internal and external control can be problematic. Moderate internal control actually worked best for coping with stressful life events, whilst extreme positions on either side led to more depression and difficulty handling stress.
Important Note: Having too much internal control can backfire - when faced with genuinely uncontrollable situations like unexpected illness, highly internal people may experience significant depression or anxiety because they can't accept their lack of control.
The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) explains that your intention to perform a behaviour depends on three crucial factors working together. First, your attitude - having positive feelings about the behaviour makes you more likely to do it. Second, subjective norms - seeing others perform the behaviour and feeling social pressure influences your choices.
The third factor, perceived behavioural control, is often the make-or-break element. This involves honestly assessing whether you have the time, money, skills, and resources needed to actually carry out the behaviour. You might have great intentions to exercise daily, but if you lack time, access to facilities, or physical ability, those intentions won't translate into action.
TPB is particularly useful for designing addiction recovery programmes and health interventions because it addresses the gap between wanting to change and actually changing. However, it's somewhat reductionist as it doesn't account for individual differences like age, personality, gender, or lifestyle factors that significantly influence behaviour.
Practical Tip: TPB shows why good intentions aren't enough - you need positive attitudes, social support, and genuine belief that you can successfully perform the behaviour to create lasting change.
Self-efficacy is your belief in your ability to succeed at specific tasks - think of it as task-specific confidence. Unlike general self-esteem, self-efficacy focuses on "Can I actually do this particular thing?" This belief is shaped by four key influences that work together to build or undermine your confidence.
Enactive influence comes from past experiences - success builds confidence whilst repeated failures can crush it. Vicarious influence involves comparing yourself to others and learning from their experiences. Social persuasion includes feedback from others that either encourages or discourages your efforts. Finally, emotional influence shows how anxiety and stress directly impact your confidence levels.
Bandura's snake phobia study brilliantly demonstrates self-efficacy in action. Through systematic desensitisation, participants gradually faced their fears whilst learning relaxation techniques. As their self-efficacy increased, their avoidance behaviour decreased and they could interact more comfortably with snakes. The study proved that building confidence in your ability to cope directly leads to behaviour change.
Key Takeaway: Self-efficacy is incredibly powerful because it's both a predictor and a driver of behaviour change - believe you can do something, and you're far more likely to actually succeed at it.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Louise
@louise_studies
When it comes to understanding health and changing behaviours, psychology offers several fascinating models that explain why we make the choices we do. These theories help us understand everything from why some people stick to healthy habits whilst others struggle... Show more
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
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Think of health as more than just "not being sick" - it's actually a complete state of physical, mental and social wellbeing. This broader definition helps explain why treating health issues requires looking at the whole person, not just symptoms.
The Biomedical Model treats the body like a machine that needs fixing when broken, using drugs and physical treatments. However, this approach is quite reductionist because it ignores social, economic and environmental factors that affect health. It also separates mind and body, which doesn't account for conditions like psychosomatic illnesses where symptoms are created in the mind.
A more comprehensive approach is the Biopsychosocial Model, which considers three key factors: biological , psychological (thoughts, emotions, motivation), and social (peer pressure, community access to services, mass media influence). This model recognises that all these elements work together to influence our health.
Key Insight: The Transtheoretical Model shows that addiction recovery happens in stages - from pre-contemplation (denial) through contemplation, preparation, action, to maintenance - and therapy needs to adapt to whichever stage someone's at.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Health Belief Model (HBM) works like an internal algorithm that helps predict whether someone will engage in healthy behaviours. It's built on four key components: perceived susceptibility (how vulnerable you feel), perceived seriousness (how harmful you think the risk is), barriers and benefits (what stops or motivates you), and cues to action (triggers like symptoms or health campaigns).
Becker's study on asthma medication perfectly demonstrates this model in action. Mothers whose beliefs aligned with HBM components showed better adherence to their children's medication. Those who believed their child was susceptible to serious asthma attacks and understood the benefits were more likely to stick to treatment plans.
However, the HBM assumes people always think rationally, which isn't realistic since emotions often drive our decisions. It's also reductionist because it doesn't consider factors like self-efficacy or social pressure that heavily influence behaviour.
Real-World Application: Cognitive dissonance occurs when your attitudes don't match your behaviour, creating uncomfortable tension. For example, a smoker who knows smoking is harmful experiences dissonance, which they might resolve by either quitting or finding ways to justify their habit.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Your locus of control essentially determines whether you believe you're in charge of your life or at the mercy of external forces. People with internal locus of control feel they can influence outcomes through their actions, leading to less stress, better health, and higher self-esteem. They're more likely to engage in protective health behaviours and less likely to take dangerous risks.
Those with external locus of control believe luck, chance, or other people control their lives. This can lead to more stress, poorer health choices, and lower self-esteem because they feel powerless to change their circumstances.
Krause's study with older adults revealed something fascinating: both extreme internal and external control can be problematic. Moderate internal control actually worked best for coping with stressful life events, whilst extreme positions on either side led to more depression and difficulty handling stress.
Important Note: Having too much internal control can backfire - when faced with genuinely uncontrollable situations like unexpected illness, highly internal people may experience significant depression or anxiety because they can't accept their lack of control.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) explains that your intention to perform a behaviour depends on three crucial factors working together. First, your attitude - having positive feelings about the behaviour makes you more likely to do it. Second, subjective norms - seeing others perform the behaviour and feeling social pressure influences your choices.
The third factor, perceived behavioural control, is often the make-or-break element. This involves honestly assessing whether you have the time, money, skills, and resources needed to actually carry out the behaviour. You might have great intentions to exercise daily, but if you lack time, access to facilities, or physical ability, those intentions won't translate into action.
TPB is particularly useful for designing addiction recovery programmes and health interventions because it addresses the gap between wanting to change and actually changing. However, it's somewhat reductionist as it doesn't account for individual differences like age, personality, gender, or lifestyle factors that significantly influence behaviour.
Practical Tip: TPB shows why good intentions aren't enough - you need positive attitudes, social support, and genuine belief that you can successfully perform the behaviour to create lasting change.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Self-efficacy is your belief in your ability to succeed at specific tasks - think of it as task-specific confidence. Unlike general self-esteem, self-efficacy focuses on "Can I actually do this particular thing?" This belief is shaped by four key influences that work together to build or undermine your confidence.
Enactive influence comes from past experiences - success builds confidence whilst repeated failures can crush it. Vicarious influence involves comparing yourself to others and learning from their experiences. Social persuasion includes feedback from others that either encourages or discourages your efforts. Finally, emotional influence shows how anxiety and stress directly impact your confidence levels.
Bandura's snake phobia study brilliantly demonstrates self-efficacy in action. Through systematic desensitisation, participants gradually faced their fears whilst learning relaxation techniques. As their self-efficacy increased, their avoidance behaviour decreased and they could interact more comfortably with snakes. The study proved that building confidence in your ability to cope directly leads to behaviour change.
Key Takeaway: Self-efficacy is incredibly powerful because it's both a predictor and a driver of behaviour change - believe you can do something, and you're far more likely to actually succeed at it.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
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Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Criminology
Psychology
English Literature
Biology