Deviation from Ideal Mental Health: Concept and Criteria
Marie Jahoda's deviation from ideal mental health concept, developed in 1958, provides a framework for understanding psychological health and abnormality. This approach defines six key characteristics that indicate ideal mental health, with their absence suggesting potential abnormality.
The six criteria for ideal mental health in Psychology include:
- Autonomy: The ability to function independently
- Stress resistance: Resilience against negative effects of stress
- Self-actualization: Focus on future potential and personal growth
- Empathy: Understanding and connecting with others
- Sense of reality: Maintaining a realistic worldview
- Environmental mastery: Effectively interacting with one's surroundings
Definition: Deviation from ideal mental health refers to the absence of characteristics considered essential for psychological well-being, as defined by Marie Jahoda's criteria.
This concept can be applied to various mental disorders, including anxiety, autism, and schizophrenia. For instance, individuals with these conditions may struggle with empathy, realistic perceptions, or autonomy, particularly in severe cases.
Example: A person with schizophrenia might exhibit a deviation from ideal mental health by having an unrealistic view of the world, lacking autonomy in severe cases, or being easily triggered by stressful situations.
The deviation from ideal mental health approach offers a unique perspective in AQA Psychology and other psychological frameworks by focusing on positive attributes rather than deficits.
Highlight: This definition emphasizes positive achievements and desirable traits, potentially influencing patients' views of their conditions and their responsiveness to treatment.
