The brain's complex functions and adaptability shape our responses to environmental stimuli and regulate vital bodily rhythms. Neuroplasticity and brain structure changes with experience enable continuous adaptation and learning throughout life.
• The nervous system comprises central and peripheral components, with specialized regions controlling different functions
• Circadian rhythms and SCN master pacemaker function regulate 24-hour cycles including sleep-wake patterns and body temperature
• Synapse transmission and neurotransmitter release process enables communication between neurons through chemical signaling
• Brain lateralization shows specialized functions in different hemispheres
• Various research methods including MRI and EEG help study brain structure and function