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Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
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World war two & the holocaust
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
The cold war
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
Inter-war germany
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
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110
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8 Jun 2023
•
Zoe
@zoe_reyc
The atomic structure timeline outlines key developments in our understanding... Show more
This page details the famous gold foil experiment that led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus, a crucial development in the history of the atom timeline GCSE AQA curriculum.
The experiment involved firing alpha particles at a thin gold foil. Most particles passed straight through, but some were deflected at large angles or even bounced back. This unexpected result led Rutherford to propose the nuclear model of the atom, with a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space where electrons orbit.
Highlight: The Rutherford alpha particle scattering experiment discovered the nuclear structure of atoms, disproving the earlier plum pudding model
Example: A typical nucleus has an incredibly high density of 2.3 x 10^17 kg/m^3. If a 60kg student were compressed to this density, they would occupy an extremely small volume.
Definition: Rutherford's model was called the nuclear model, featuring a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons in mostly empty space
This page covers the fundamental particles that make up atoms and introduces the concept of isotopes, key topics in AQA trilogy nuclear physics.
Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged. The number of protons determines the element and is called the atomic number. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons. This concept is crucial for understanding nuclear equations GCSE and radioactive decay.
Vocabulary: Isotope - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Example: Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon, with 6 protons each but 6 and 8 neutrons respectively
Highlight: Understanding isotopes is essential for AQA trilogy nuclear physics notes and solving nuclear equations GCSE worksheet problems
This page delves into the details of how atoms are represented in scientific notation and the properties of subatomic particles, essential knowledge for AQA trilogy nuclear physics pdf resources.
Atomic notation uses the mass number and atomic number alongside the element symbol. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number indicates the number of protons .
A table provides the relative mass and charge of protons, neutrons, and electrons:
Definition: Atomic number - The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, determining the element
Highlight: Mastering atomic notation is crucial for solving problems in AQA trilogy nuclear physics past papers
Example: For carbon-12 , the mass number is 12, and the atomic number is 6, indicating 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons
This page provides an overview of the key scientists and discoveries in the history of the atom GCSE curriculum.
The timeline begins with Democritus in 400 BC, who first proposed the concept of indivisible particles called "atomos." In 1803, John Dalton's atomic theory laid the foundation for modern atomic science by proposing that all elements comprise indivisible and indestructible atoms.
J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897, leading to his "plum pudding" model of the atom. Ernest Rutherford's groundbreaking work in 1911 revealed the existence of a positively-charged nucleus. Finally, Niels Bohr proposed in 1922 that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells.
Vocabulary: Atomos - Greek for "uncuttable," referring to the smallest indivisible unit of matter
Definition: John Dalton atomic theory - All elements are made of atoms; atoms of an element are identical; atoms of different elements have different properties
Highlight: This GCSE atomic theory timeline covers key developments students must understand for exams on atomic structure
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Zoe
@zoe_reyc
The atomic structure timeline outlines key developments in our understanding of atoms, from ancient Greek philosophers to modern quantum mechanics. This fundamental concept in chemistry and physics has evolved dramatically over centuries of scientific inquiry and experimentation.
• Ancient Greek... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This page details the famous gold foil experiment that led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus, a crucial development in the history of the atom timeline GCSE AQA curriculum.
The experiment involved firing alpha particles at a thin gold foil. Most particles passed straight through, but some were deflected at large angles or even bounced back. This unexpected result led Rutherford to propose the nuclear model of the atom, with a small, dense, positively-charged nucleus surrounded by mostly empty space where electrons orbit.
Highlight: The Rutherford alpha particle scattering experiment discovered the nuclear structure of atoms, disproving the earlier plum pudding model
Example: A typical nucleus has an incredibly high density of 2.3 x 10^17 kg/m^3. If a 60kg student were compressed to this density, they would occupy an extremely small volume.
Definition: Rutherford's model was called the nuclear model, featuring a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons in mostly empty space
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This page covers the fundamental particles that make up atoms and introduces the concept of isotopes, key topics in AQA trilogy nuclear physics.
Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged. The number of protons determines the element and is called the atomic number. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element but with different numbers of neutrons. This concept is crucial for understanding nuclear equations GCSE and radioactive decay.
Vocabulary: Isotope - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Example: Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are isotopes of carbon, with 6 protons each but 6 and 8 neutrons respectively
Highlight: Understanding isotopes is essential for AQA trilogy nuclear physics notes and solving nuclear equations GCSE worksheet problems
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This page delves into the details of how atoms are represented in scientific notation and the properties of subatomic particles, essential knowledge for AQA trilogy nuclear physics pdf resources.
Atomic notation uses the mass number and atomic number alongside the element symbol. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons, while the atomic number indicates the number of protons .
A table provides the relative mass and charge of protons, neutrons, and electrons:
Definition: Atomic number - The number of protons in an atom's nucleus, determining the element
Highlight: Mastering atomic notation is crucial for solving problems in AQA trilogy nuclear physics past papers
Example: For carbon-12 , the mass number is 12, and the atomic number is 6, indicating 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
This page provides an overview of the key scientists and discoveries in the history of the atom GCSE curriculum.
The timeline begins with Democritus in 400 BC, who first proposed the concept of indivisible particles called "atomos." In 1803, John Dalton's atomic theory laid the foundation for modern atomic science by proposing that all elements comprise indivisible and indestructible atoms.
J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897, leading to his "plum pudding" model of the atom. Ernest Rutherford's groundbreaking work in 1911 revealed the existence of a positively-charged nucleus. Finally, Niels Bohr proposed in 1922 that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells.
Vocabulary: Atomos - Greek for "uncuttable," referring to the smallest indivisible unit of matter
Definition: John Dalton atomic theory - All elements are made of atoms; atoms of an element are identical; atoms of different elements have different properties
Highlight: This GCSE atomic theory timeline covers key developments students must understand for exams on atomic structure
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
App Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
