Planes and Axes in GCSE PE
The OCR GCSE PE - planes and axis topic covers three main planes and three corresponding axes of movement in the human body. This knowledge is fundamental for understanding and analyzing various sports movements and techniques.
Frontal Plane
The frontal plane passes from side to side, dividing the body into front and back sections.
Definition: The frontal plane is a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior front and posterior back portions.
Movements occurring in this plane include abduction and adduction.
Example: A cartwheel is a prime example of movement in the frontal plane.
Transverse Plane
The transverse plane passes through the middle of the body, dividing it into top and bottom sections.
Definition: The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior upper and inferior lower portions.
Movements in this plane are primarily rotational.
Example: A pirouette in dance exemplifies movement in the transverse plane.
Sagittal Plane
The sagittal plane passes through the middle of the body, dividing it into left and right sections.
Definition: The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that separates the body into right and left halves.
Movements in this plane include flexion and extension.
Example: Running involves movements primarily in the sagittal plane.
Axes of Rotation
Each plane has a corresponding axis of rotation:
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Transverse Axis: Runs through the center of the body from left to right.
Example: A somersault rotates around the transverse axis.
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Longitudinal Axis: Runs through the center of the body from top to bottom.
Example: A pirouette in dance rotates around the longitudinal axis.
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Frontal Axis: Runs through the center of the body from front to back.
Example: A cartwheel rotates around the frontal axis.
Highlight: Understanding the relationship between planes and axes is crucial for analyzing complex movements in sports and answering questions in GCSE PE planes and axis exam questions.
Vocabulary:
- Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body
- Adduction: Movement towards the midline of the body
- Flexion: Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts
- Extension: Straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts
This comprehensive overview of planes and axis of movement provides a solid foundation for students studying GCSE PE planes and axes. It's essential to visualize these concepts and practice identifying movements in various sports to fully grasp their application in biomechanics and movement analysis.
