Definition: The circulatory system is described as the system that transports oxygenated blood to various parts of the body, highlighting its importance in physical activity.

Vocabulary: Fartlek training is defined as a form of continuous training that varies in pace and terrain, providing students with an understanding of this specific training method.

Highlight: The FITT principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type) is mentioned, which is a crucial concept in exercise prescription and training program design.

Example: Flexibility is defined as the range of movement possible at a joint, illustrating how these terms relate directly to physical capabilities studied in GCSE PE.

Definition: Hypertrophy is defined as when muscle increases in size due to exercise, which is an important concept in understanding the body's adaptation to training.

Vocabulary: Lactic acid is described as a product of anaerobic respiration which can lead to stiffness and muscle cramp, helping students understand the physiological effects of intense exercise.

Highlight: The concept of muscular endurance is defined as the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired, distinguishing it from muscular strength.

Example: Power is defined as the ability to do strength performances quickly, with the formula Power = Strength × Speed, providing a clear example of how physical concepts are quantified in GCSE PE.

Definition: Recovery rate is defined as the time taken for the heart to return to its resting rate after exercise, introducing students to an important concept in cardiovascular fitness.

Vocabulary: RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, providing students with a practical recovery strategy for injuries.

Highlight: The principle of reversibility is explained as the process where adaptations that take place as a consequence of training will be reversed when training stops, emphasizing the importance of consistent exercise.

Example: Slow twitch muscle fibers are described as being required for endurance activities, contrasting with the fast twitch fibers mentioned earlier and helping students understand the physiological basis for different athletic capabilities.