This is a Pearson Edexcel GCSE Mathematics Foundation Tier Paper... Show more
Edexcel Foundation Past Papers June 2023











Exam Information and Instructions
Getting ready for your GCSE maths exam means knowing exactly what to expect on the day. This foundation tier paper gives you 1 hour 30 minutes to tackle 80 marks worth of questions.
You'll need the usual maths kit: ruler, protractor, compasses, calculator, and pencil. The formulae sheet is provided, so don't stress about memorising every formula. If your calculator doesn't have a π button, use 3.142 instead.
The golden rules are simple: show all your working, attempt every question, and use the mark allocations to guide your time. Higher mark questions deserve more time and detailed working.
💡 Top Tip: The marks in brackets tell you how much working the examiners expect - use this as your guide!

Basic Number Skills
Quick-fire questions test your fundamental number skills right from the start. Question 1 asks you to round 6184 to the nearest hundred (answer: 6200), whilst question 2 wants 0.7 as a fraction .
Unit conversion appears in question 3 - converting 9 metres to centimetres means multiplying by 100, giving you 900 cm. These conversions are dead common in GCSE papers.
Algebra and multiples round off this section. Simplifying 3 × 4t gives you 12t, and from the list 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, only 100 is a multiple of 25. These starter questions build your confidence before tackling trickier problems.
💡 Remember: Each question is worth just 1 mark, so don't overthink them - trust your first instinct!

Probability Fundamentals (Question 6)
Probability scales help you visualise how likely events are to happen. When Shari rolls a standard dice, getting a 7 is impossible since dice only show 1-6, so that probability sits at 0 on the scale.
Even numbers on a dice are 2, 4, and 6 - that's 3 out of 6 possible outcomes. This gives you a probability of 3/6 = 1/2, which sits exactly in the middle of your probability scale.
Visual representation of probability makes these concepts much clearer than just working with fractions. The scale from 0 to 1 shows you immediately whether something is impossible, certain, or somewhere in between.
💡 Quick Check: Probability 0 = impossible, probability 1 = certain, probability 1/2 = equally likely!

Measurement and Triangle Properties (Question 7)
Accurate measurement skills are crucial when the question tells you a diagram is drawn to scale. You'll need to use your ruler and protractor carefully to measure length AC and angle B - these marks depend on your precision.
Triangle classification becomes easier when you spot key features. The triangle PQR has two equal sides , which immediately tells you it's an isosceles triangle.
Mathematical vocabulary matters in GCSE maths. Don't just say "triangle with two equal sides" - use the proper term "isosceles triangle" to show you know your geometric language.
💡 Measurement Tip: Double-check your ruler and protractor readings - these questions often catch students who rush!

Scale and Sequences
Map scales translate easily once you know the method. With a scale of 1 cm = 4 km, you multiply the map distance by 4 to get real distance. So 16 cm on the map means 16 × 4 = 64 km in reality.
Arithmetic sequences follow a pattern you can spot quickly. The sequence 3, 8, 13, 18, 23 increases by 5 each time, so the next term is 28. This constant difference is your key to cracking sequence problems.
Ratios in sequences require you to compare terms carefully. The ratio of the second term (8) to the fourth term (18) is 8:18, which simplifies to 4:9 by dividing both numbers by their highest common factor.
💡 Pattern Spotting: Always look for the difference between consecutive terms first - it's usually constant in foundation tier questions!

Graph Interpretation (Question 10)
Reading graphs accurately means following the lines carefully to extract information. For 4 hours of parking, trace up from 4 on the x-axis to meet the line, then across to read £6 on the y-axis.
Reverse graph reading works backwards from the cost to find time. If Justin pays £9, find this on the y-axis, trace across to the line, then down to see he parked for 6 hours.
Time calculations need careful thought. Justin arrived at 0800 (8:00 AM) and parked for 6 hours, so he left at 1400 (2:00 PM). Converting between 24-hour and 12-hour time is a common requirement.
💡 Graph Strategy: Use a ruler edge to help trace lines accurately - it prevents reading errors that cost easy marks!

Data Analysis and Proof (Question 11)
Weighted calculations involve multiplying each weight by the number of people, then adding everything up. You're not just finding an average - you need the total weight of all 16 people combined.
Systematic working prevents mistakes: (1×40) + (2×50) + (4×60) + (5×70) + (3×80) + (1×90). This gives you 40 + 100 + 240 + 350 + 240 + 90 = 1060 kg.
Proving statements requires you to show your calculation clearly, then state the conclusion. Since 1060 kg < 1200 kg, you've proven the total weight is indeed less than 1200 kg.
💡 Organisation Tip: Set out weighted calculations in a clear table format to avoid missing any values!

Reflection Geometry (Question 12a)
Finding mirror lines requires you to identify the line of symmetry between the original shape and its reflection. The mirror line sits exactly halfway between corresponding points on shapes A and B.
Perpendicular distances from any point to the mirror line must equal the distance from the mirror line to the corresponding reflected point. This creates the perfect symmetry you see in reflections.
Drawing accuracy matters when constructing the mirror line. Use your ruler to ensure the line is straight and positioned correctly between the two shapes.
💡 Reflection Check: Fold your paper along your mirror line - if the shapes match up perfectly, you've got it right!

Common Reflection Mistakes (Question 12b)
Understanding reflection errors helps you avoid them in your own work. When reflecting in the x-axis, the x-coordinates stay the same whilst the y-coordinates change sign (positive becomes negative, negative becomes positive).
Alex's mistake was probably reflecting in the wrong axis or moving the shape instead of reflecting it properly. The most common error is confusing x-axis and y-axis reflections.
Explaining mistakes clearly earns you marks even when you're analysing someone else's error. Use proper mathematical language to describe what should have happened versus what actually happened.
💡 Reflection Rule: X-axis reflection changes y-coordinates, Y-axis reflection changes x-coordinates!

Fraction Problem Solving (Question 13)
Fraction problems often involve finding the whole when you know a part. If 50 teachers represent 1/16 of the total, you need to work out what the complete fraction (16/16) equals.
Method matters: If 1/16 = 50 people, then 16/16 = 50 × 16 = 800 people total. Alternatively, divide 50 by 1/16, which means 50 ÷ (1/16) = 50 × 16 = 800.
Real-world context makes these problems more meaningful. Understanding that schools have teachers, students, and support staff helps you check whether 800 people sounds reasonable for a school's total population.
💡 Fraction Strategy: When you know the part, multiply by the denominator to find the whole - it's often the quickest route!
We thought you’d never ask...
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Where can I download the Knowunity app?
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Edexcel Foundation Past Papers June 2023
This is a Pearson Edexcel GCSE Mathematics Foundation Tier Paper 2 from June 2023. It's a calculator paper worth 80 marks total, giving you a solid overview of the key topics you'll face in your actual GCSE maths exam.

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Exam Information and Instructions
Getting ready for your GCSE maths exam means knowing exactly what to expect on the day. This foundation tier paper gives you 1 hour 30 minutes to tackle 80 marks worth of questions.
You'll need the usual maths kit: ruler, protractor, compasses, calculator, and pencil. The formulae sheet is provided, so don't stress about memorising every formula. If your calculator doesn't have a π button, use 3.142 instead.
The golden rules are simple: show all your working, attempt every question, and use the mark allocations to guide your time. Higher mark questions deserve more time and detailed working.
💡 Top Tip: The marks in brackets tell you how much working the examiners expect - use this as your guide!

Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Basic Number Skills
Quick-fire questions test your fundamental number skills right from the start. Question 1 asks you to round 6184 to the nearest hundred (answer: 6200), whilst question 2 wants 0.7 as a fraction .
Unit conversion appears in question 3 - converting 9 metres to centimetres means multiplying by 100, giving you 900 cm. These conversions are dead common in GCSE papers.
Algebra and multiples round off this section. Simplifying 3 × 4t gives you 12t, and from the list 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, only 100 is a multiple of 25. These starter questions build your confidence before tackling trickier problems.
💡 Remember: Each question is worth just 1 mark, so don't overthink them - trust your first instinct!

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- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Probability Fundamentals (Question 6)
Probability scales help you visualise how likely events are to happen. When Shari rolls a standard dice, getting a 7 is impossible since dice only show 1-6, so that probability sits at 0 on the scale.
Even numbers on a dice are 2, 4, and 6 - that's 3 out of 6 possible outcomes. This gives you a probability of 3/6 = 1/2, which sits exactly in the middle of your probability scale.
Visual representation of probability makes these concepts much clearer than just working with fractions. The scale from 0 to 1 shows you immediately whether something is impossible, certain, or somewhere in between.
💡 Quick Check: Probability 0 = impossible, probability 1 = certain, probability 1/2 = equally likely!

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Measurement and Triangle Properties (Question 7)
Accurate measurement skills are crucial when the question tells you a diagram is drawn to scale. You'll need to use your ruler and protractor carefully to measure length AC and angle B - these marks depend on your precision.
Triangle classification becomes easier when you spot key features. The triangle PQR has two equal sides , which immediately tells you it's an isosceles triangle.
Mathematical vocabulary matters in GCSE maths. Don't just say "triangle with two equal sides" - use the proper term "isosceles triangle" to show you know your geometric language.
💡 Measurement Tip: Double-check your ruler and protractor readings - these questions often catch students who rush!

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- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Scale and Sequences
Map scales translate easily once you know the method. With a scale of 1 cm = 4 km, you multiply the map distance by 4 to get real distance. So 16 cm on the map means 16 × 4 = 64 km in reality.
Arithmetic sequences follow a pattern you can spot quickly. The sequence 3, 8, 13, 18, 23 increases by 5 each time, so the next term is 28. This constant difference is your key to cracking sequence problems.
Ratios in sequences require you to compare terms carefully. The ratio of the second term (8) to the fourth term (18) is 8:18, which simplifies to 4:9 by dividing both numbers by their highest common factor.
💡 Pattern Spotting: Always look for the difference between consecutive terms first - it's usually constant in foundation tier questions!

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- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Graph Interpretation (Question 10)
Reading graphs accurately means following the lines carefully to extract information. For 4 hours of parking, trace up from 4 on the x-axis to meet the line, then across to read £6 on the y-axis.
Reverse graph reading works backwards from the cost to find time. If Justin pays £9, find this on the y-axis, trace across to the line, then down to see he parked for 6 hours.
Time calculations need careful thought. Justin arrived at 0800 (8:00 AM) and parked for 6 hours, so he left at 1400 (2:00 PM). Converting between 24-hour and 12-hour time is a common requirement.
💡 Graph Strategy: Use a ruler edge to help trace lines accurately - it prevents reading errors that cost easy marks!

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- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Data Analysis and Proof (Question 11)
Weighted calculations involve multiplying each weight by the number of people, then adding everything up. You're not just finding an average - you need the total weight of all 16 people combined.
Systematic working prevents mistakes: (1×40) + (2×50) + (4×60) + (5×70) + (3×80) + (1×90). This gives you 40 + 100 + 240 + 350 + 240 + 90 = 1060 kg.
Proving statements requires you to show your calculation clearly, then state the conclusion. Since 1060 kg < 1200 kg, you've proven the total weight is indeed less than 1200 kg.
💡 Organisation Tip: Set out weighted calculations in a clear table format to avoid missing any values!

Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Reflection Geometry (Question 12a)
Finding mirror lines requires you to identify the line of symmetry between the original shape and its reflection. The mirror line sits exactly halfway between corresponding points on shapes A and B.
Perpendicular distances from any point to the mirror line must equal the distance from the mirror line to the corresponding reflected point. This creates the perfect symmetry you see in reflections.
Drawing accuracy matters when constructing the mirror line. Use your ruler to ensure the line is straight and positioned correctly between the two shapes.
💡 Reflection Check: Fold your paper along your mirror line - if the shapes match up perfectly, you've got it right!

Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Common Reflection Mistakes (Question 12b)
Understanding reflection errors helps you avoid them in your own work. When reflecting in the x-axis, the x-coordinates stay the same whilst the y-coordinates change sign (positive becomes negative, negative becomes positive).
Alex's mistake was probably reflecting in the wrong axis or moving the shape instead of reflecting it properly. The most common error is confusing x-axis and y-axis reflections.
Explaining mistakes clearly earns you marks even when you're analysing someone else's error. Use proper mathematical language to describe what should have happened versus what actually happened.
💡 Reflection Rule: X-axis reflection changes y-coordinates, Y-axis reflection changes x-coordinates!

Sign up to see the content. It's free!
- Access to all documents
- Improve your grades
- Join milions of students
Fraction Problem Solving (Question 13)
Fraction problems often involve finding the whole when you know a part. If 50 teachers represent 1/16 of the total, you need to work out what the complete fraction (16/16) equals.
Method matters: If 1/16 = 50 people, then 16/16 = 50 × 16 = 800 people total. Alternatively, divide 50 by 1/16, which means 50 ÷ (1/16) = 50 × 16 = 800.
Real-world context makes these problems more meaningful. Understanding that schools have teachers, students, and support staff helps you check whether 800 people sounds reasonable for a school's total population.
💡 Fraction Strategy: When you know the part, multiply by the denominator to find the whole - it's often the quickest route!
We thought you’d never ask...
What is the Knowunity AI companion?
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
Where can I download the Knowunity app?
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
Is Knowunity really free of charge?
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
Most popular content: Percent Word Problems
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Mathematical Concepts Overview
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Students love us — and so will you.
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.