Alexander's Birth and Divine Omens

The birth of Alexander the Great in 356 BC was surrounded by remarkable circumstances and divine portents, as recorded in primary sources. Born in Pella to Philip II of Macedon and Olympias of Epirus, Alexander's arrival was heralded by numerous supernatural signs.

Highlight: Alexander's royal lineage traced back to mythological heroes - Heracles on his father's side and Aeacus through his mother's line.

Example: Several supernatural omens preceded Alexander's birth, including thunder and lightning striking Olympias's womb, and Philip's dream of sealing her womb with a lion's image.

Quote: According to Plutarch, "The temple of Ephesian Artemis burnt down that day too - as it was said she was too busy delivering Alexander."

Definition: Hecatombaeon (Lous) - The month of Alexander's birth in the ancient Macedonian calendar, corresponding to July/August.

Vocabulary: Magi - Ancient Persian priests and scholars who interpreted omens and practiced divination.

The text details several significant events coinciding with Alexander's birth:

• The capture of Potidaea by Philip II
• Parmenion's victory over the Illyrians
• A victory in the Olympic horse races
• The burning of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

These concurrent events were interpreted as omens of Alexander's future greatness, with the Magi at Ephesus viewing them as portents of Asia's future transformation under his influence.