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Maths
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English Language
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Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
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Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
Organisation
Substance exchange
Bioenergetics
Genetic information & variation
Inheritance, variation and evolution
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Ecology
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
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History
5 Dec 2025
3,061
16 pages
CJ๐ค @gcseandalevelnotesforyou_
The Red Scarewas a period of intense anti-communist fear and paranoia in American society that occurred in... Show more
The First Red Scare emerged in America following the Communist Revolution in Russia in 1917. This period of intense anti-communist hysteria was marked by widespread fear that the same revolutionary upheaval would spread to the United States. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer became a central figure, claiming that 150,000 communists were living in America and plotting to overthrow the government.
Definition The Red Scare was a period of intense anti-communist fear and persecution in American history, occurring primarily in 1919-1920.
The Palmer Raids represented the government's aggressive response to perceived communist threats. Without proper trials, authorities arrested 6,000 suspected radicals and deported 4,556 immigrants based on flimsy evidence. These actions particularly targeted left-wing organizations and immigrant communities, leading to widespread civil rights violations and increased xenophobia.
The case of Sacco and Vanzetti exemplified the era's prejudices. These Italian immigrants, arrested in 1920 for armed robbery and murder, faced a biased trial during the height of anti-communist fervor. Despite another man later confessing to the crime, both men were executed in 1927, highlighting the period's deep-seated prejudices against immigrants and suspected radicals.
Highlight The lasting impacts of the Red Scare included weakened labor unions, stricter immigration laws (1917, 1921, 1924), and increased discrimination against immigrants and political dissidents.
The Great Depression's human toll was devastating and far-reaching. Bank failures cascaded through the economy, with 659 banks closing in 1929 and 2,294 more by 1931. These closures wiped out people's savings and created a credit freeze that paralyzed businesses.
Quote "Hoovervilles" - shanty towns named mockingly after President Hoover - became symbols of the widespread homelessness and poverty that characterized the era.
Unemployment reached catastrophic levels, peaking at 25% nationally and even higher in some regions. The crisis hit immigrants and African Americans particularly hard, with many becoming "hobos" - homeless individuals who traveled by railway in search of work. The human cost was staggering suicide rates increased by 50%, and many families faced starvation and malnutrition.
The Depression fundamentally changed American society, destroying public confidence in financial institutions and traditional economic systems. People struggled to afford basic necessities, and many resorted to desperate measures - some even deliberately getting arrested to secure food and shelter in jail.
During the early years of the Great Depression, President Hoover implemented several economic measures that proved largely ineffective at combating the crisis. The government made 30 million was actually distributed due to strict requirements and bureaucratic obstacles. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), established in 1932, provided loans to rescue struggling businesses, banks, and insurance companies, though these efforts fell short as over 5,000 businesses still went bankrupt.
Definition The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was a government corporation that provided financial support to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations and other businesses during the Great Depression.
Hoover's approach to taxation underwent significant changes. Initially, his administration cut taxes by $130 million to stimulate business investment. However, as the crisis deepened, the government shifted to increasing business taxes to balance the federal budget. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930 raised import tariffs by 50% in an attempt to protect American products, but this backfired when foreign countries retaliated with their own tariffs on US goods, making the economic situation worse.
The wealth disparity became increasingly apparent during this period. While millions suffered from unemployment and poverty, the very wealthy remained relatively prosperous. Multi-millionaires protected their wealth by investing in stable assets like gold and property, allowing them to weather bank failures better than average citizens. This economic inequality led to social tensions and protests, most notably the Bonus Army March of 1932.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
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Quotes from every main character
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Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
CJ๐ค
@gcseandalevelnotesforyou_
The Red Scare was a period of intense anti-communist fear and paranoia in American society that occurred in two major waves - first in the 1920s following World War I, and later in the 1950s during the Cold War... Show more
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The First Red Scare emerged in America following the Communist Revolution in Russia in 1917. This period of intense anti-communist hysteria was marked by widespread fear that the same revolutionary upheaval would spread to the United States. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer became a central figure, claiming that 150,000 communists were living in America and plotting to overthrow the government.
Definition: The Red Scare was a period of intense anti-communist fear and persecution in American history, occurring primarily in 1919-1920.
The Palmer Raids represented the government's aggressive response to perceived communist threats. Without proper trials, authorities arrested 6,000 suspected radicals and deported 4,556 immigrants based on flimsy evidence. These actions particularly targeted left-wing organizations and immigrant communities, leading to widespread civil rights violations and increased xenophobia.
The case of Sacco and Vanzetti exemplified the era's prejudices. These Italian immigrants, arrested in 1920 for armed robbery and murder, faced a biased trial during the height of anti-communist fervor. Despite another man later confessing to the crime, both men were executed in 1927, highlighting the period's deep-seated prejudices against immigrants and suspected radicals.
Highlight: The lasting impacts of the Red Scare included weakened labor unions, stricter immigration laws (1917, 1921, 1924), and increased discrimination against immigrants and political dissidents.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Great Depression's human toll was devastating and far-reaching. Bank failures cascaded through the economy, with 659 banks closing in 1929 and 2,294 more by 1931. These closures wiped out people's savings and created a credit freeze that paralyzed businesses.
Quote: "Hoovervilles" - shanty towns named mockingly after President Hoover - became symbols of the widespread homelessness and poverty that characterized the era.
Unemployment reached catastrophic levels, peaking at 25% nationally and even higher in some regions. The crisis hit immigrants and African Americans particularly hard, with many becoming "hobos" - homeless individuals who traveled by railway in search of work. The human cost was staggering: suicide rates increased by 50%, and many families faced starvation and malnutrition.
The Depression fundamentally changed American society, destroying public confidence in financial institutions and traditional economic systems. People struggled to afford basic necessities, and many resorted to desperate measures - some even deliberately getting arrested to secure food and shelter in jail.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
During the early years of the Great Depression, President Hoover implemented several economic measures that proved largely ineffective at combating the crisis. The government made 30 million was actually distributed due to strict requirements and bureaucratic obstacles. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC), established in 1932, provided loans to rescue struggling businesses, banks, and insurance companies, though these efforts fell short as over 5,000 businesses still went bankrupt.
Definition: The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was a government corporation that provided financial support to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, mortgage associations and other businesses during the Great Depression.
Hoover's approach to taxation underwent significant changes. Initially, his administration cut taxes by $130 million to stimulate business investment. However, as the crisis deepened, the government shifted to increasing business taxes to balance the federal budget. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930 raised import tariffs by 50% in an attempt to protect American products, but this backfired when foreign countries retaliated with their own tariffs on US goods, making the economic situation worse.
The wealth disparity became increasingly apparent during this period. While millions suffered from unemployment and poverty, the very wealthy remained relatively prosperous. Multi-millionaires protected their wealth by investing in stable assets like gold and property, allowing them to weather bank failures better than average citizens. This economic inequality led to social tensions and protests, most notably the Bonus Army March of 1932.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help โ all at your fingertips.
95
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: โ 50+ Practice Questions โ Interactive Flashcards โ Full Mock Exam โ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology