Holderness Coastline: Coastal Management Case Study
The Holderness Coast, situated on England's east coast, is renowned as Europe's fastest eroding coastline. This case study explores the complex issues surrounding coastal erosion and management in this vulnerable area.
Highlight: The Holderness coastline erodes at an average rate of 18 meters per year, making it a critical area for coastal management studies.
Reasons for Rapid Erosion
Several factors contribute to the Holderness Coast's vulnerability to erosion:
- Geology of Holderness Coast: The cliffs are composed of less resistant boulder clay, which is prone to slumping when wet.
- Naturally narrow beaches provide less protection against wave action.
- Man-made structures, such as groynes, can exacerbate erosion in unprotected areas by narrowing beaches further.
- Powerful waves that travel long distances over the North Sea (long fetch) increase in energy before reaching the coast.
Vocabulary: Long fetch refers to the distance over which wind blows across open water, allowing waves to build up energy.
Coastal Management Strategies
Various Holderness Coast management techniques have been implemented along different sections of the coastline:
- Spurn Head is protected with groynes and rock armour.
- Mappleton employs rock groynes for protection.
- Bridlington is safeguarded by a 4.7 km long sea wall.
- Hornsea utilizes a sea wall and rock armour for coastal defence.
- Withernsea has implemented groynes to widen the beach and protect the coast.
Example: The use of groynes in Mappleton has led to increased erosion at Great Cowden, demonstrating the complex interactions between different coastal management strategies.
Conflicts and Impacts
The implementation of coastal defences has led to various conflicts and impacts:
- Disagreements over the location of sea defences, particularly when certain communities are left unprotected.
- Increased erosion in areas adjacent to protected zones, such as the destruction of farms near Great Cowden.
- Economic losses, including the destruction of 100 chalets at the Golden Sands Holiday Park.
- Potential negative impacts on tourism due to certain sea defences, affecting local economies.
Quote: "Some people disagree with where sea defences are located, especially if it means the land in their community is not protected."
This case study highlights the complex challenges faced in managing coastal erosion along the Holderness Coast. It demonstrates the need for comprehensive, long-term strategies that consider both the physical processes at work and the socio-economic impacts on local communities.
