Maths
Chemistry
Biology
English Language
History
Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
Homeostasis and response
Energy transfers (a2 only)
Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
Organisation
Substance exchange
Bioenergetics
Genetic information & variation
Inheritance, variation and evolution
Genetics & ecosystems (a2 only)
Ecology
Cells
Show all topics
Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
Show all topics
Geography
9 Dec 2025
341
2 pages
Chloe @chloe_qxoy
Coastal management is all about the tricky balance between protecting human settlements and working with natural processes. From... Show more
Ever wondered why some coastlines seem to disappear whilst others stay put? It's all down to a mix of natural processes and human interference that creates unique challenges around the world.
Egypt's Nile Delta shows how human engineering can backfire spectacularly. Since the Aswan Dam was built in 1964, sediment supply dropped from 130 to just 15 million tonnes, causing erosion rates to increase by ten times. With 250km of highly developed coast and a dense population, Egypt's facing serious coastal recession.
The Netherlands takes a completely different approach - they've turned 26% of their below-sea-level land into an advantage using high-tech solutions. Their newest province, Flevoland, was literally built from reclaimed sea, proving that with enough money and engineering know-how, you can beat the ocean.
Key Point Coastal management success largely depends on a country's economic resources and technological capabilities.
Bangladesh represents the other end of the spectrum, where 70% of land sits less than 1m above sea level. The 2012 Chittagong coastal climate resilient infrastructure project used smaller-scale solutions like raised embankments, cyclone shelters, and elevated market areas. Results were impressive - road flooding dropped from 20 to just 5 days per year, though 200 people had to relocate and natural habitats were disturbed.
Meanwhile, UK locations like Happisburgh in Norfolk show how 'no active intervention' policies create conflict in developed countries. House values plummet, residents can't afford to move, yet the Shoreline Management Plan prioritises long-term coastal management over individual properties.
The Cuckmere Haven restoration project perfectly demonstrates how coastal management divides communities and creates tough choices between natural processes and human needs.
This valley was first drained in 1846 for farming, but now the Environment Agency wants to restore the natural saltmarsh ecosystem. Their plan involves breaching western defences, removing barriers at the river mouth, and reconnecting old meanders - essentially letting the sea back in.
Local opposition is fierce, and for good reason. The SOS Cuckmere campaign highlights genuine concerns years of unsightly mud flats before saltmarsh develops, increased flood risks for villages like Alfriston and Littlington, and threats to the popular A259 coast road. Popular riverside footpaths would vanish, and ironically, the famous beach east of the river might disappear once natural processes resume.
Key Point Managed retreat often creates more problems in the short term before long-term benefits emerge.
Seaford Beach tells a different success story. The Newhaven breakwater (completed 1890) accidentally created Seaford Bay by interrupting longshore drift. By the 1950s, inadequate defences left the beach nearly level with the promenade, causing regular flooding.
The turning point came with the 1987 major beach recharge project. Shingle dredged from the seabed off the Isle of Wight, combined with terminal groynes at Splash Point, transformed the area. Now requiring £660,000 twice-yearly replenishment, the beach has boosted house prices above the UK average - though gentrification means the cheapest properties now cost £450,000, pushing out longtime residents.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
9
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore the dynamic processes of coastal systems, focusing on the littoral zone, wave types, sediment cells, and the impact of long-term and short-term changes. This summary covers key concepts such as erosion, deposition, sediment budgets, and dynamic equilibrium, essential for Edexcel A Level Geography students.
GeographyExplore the formation of various coastal landforms including swash and drift aligned beaches, wave cut platforms, and salt marshes. This summary provides detailed explanations and diagrams illustrating the processes of erosion, deposition, and sediment transport that shape our coastlines. Ideal for geography students studying coastal systems.
GeographyExplore the intricate processes shaping coastal landscapes, including wave dynamics, sediment transport, and the impact of tides. This comprehensive overview covers key concepts such as erosion, deposition, and the influence of human activity on coastal systems. Ideal for students studying coastal geography and environmental science.
GeographyExplore the key processes shaping coastal landscapes, including erosional and depositional landforms, longshore drift, and the impact of waves. This summary covers essential concepts for Pearson Edexcel ‘A’ Level Geography, focusing on how these landforms contribute to coastal systems and environments.
GeographyExplore the dynamic coastal landscapes from Saltburn to Flamborough Head, focusing on the formation of headlands, bays, and unique geological features. This summary covers key concepts such as wave energy, erosion rates, sediment sources, and the impact of geological variations on coastal morphology. Ideal for students studying coastal systems and UK geography.
GeographyExplore the intricate processes of beach formation and depositional landforms in coastal geography. This summary covers key concepts such as longshore drift, tombolos, spits, and the characteristics of different beach materials. Ideal for Geography students studying coastal landscapes and processes.
GeographyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Chloe
@chloe_qxoy
Coastal management is all about the tricky balance between protecting human settlements and working with natural processes. From the Netherlands' high-tech solutions to Bangladesh's community-based approaches, different countries tackle rising sea levels and coastal erosion in dramatically different ways depending... Show more
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Ever wondered why some coastlines seem to disappear whilst others stay put? It's all down to a mix of natural processes and human interference that creates unique challenges around the world.
Egypt's Nile Delta shows how human engineering can backfire spectacularly. Since the Aswan Dam was built in 1964, sediment supply dropped from 130 to just 15 million tonnes, causing erosion rates to increase by ten times. With 250km of highly developed coast and a dense population, Egypt's facing serious coastal recession.
The Netherlands takes a completely different approach - they've turned 26% of their below-sea-level land into an advantage using high-tech solutions. Their newest province, Flevoland, was literally built from reclaimed sea, proving that with enough money and engineering know-how, you can beat the ocean.
Key Point: Coastal management success largely depends on a country's economic resources and technological capabilities.
Bangladesh represents the other end of the spectrum, where 70% of land sits less than 1m above sea level. The 2012 Chittagong coastal climate resilient infrastructure project used smaller-scale solutions like raised embankments, cyclone shelters, and elevated market areas. Results were impressive - road flooding dropped from 20 to just 5 days per year, though 200 people had to relocate and natural habitats were disturbed.
Meanwhile, UK locations like Happisburgh in Norfolk show how 'no active intervention' policies create conflict in developed countries. House values plummet, residents can't afford to move, yet the Shoreline Management Plan prioritises long-term coastal management over individual properties.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
The Cuckmere Haven restoration project perfectly demonstrates how coastal management divides communities and creates tough choices between natural processes and human needs.
This valley was first drained in 1846 for farming, but now the Environment Agency wants to restore the natural saltmarsh ecosystem. Their plan involves breaching western defences, removing barriers at the river mouth, and reconnecting old meanders - essentially letting the sea back in.
Local opposition is fierce, and for good reason. The SOS Cuckmere campaign highlights genuine concerns: years of unsightly mud flats before saltmarsh develops, increased flood risks for villages like Alfriston and Littlington, and threats to the popular A259 coast road. Popular riverside footpaths would vanish, and ironically, the famous beach east of the river might disappear once natural processes resume.
Key Point: Managed retreat often creates more problems in the short term before long-term benefits emerge.
Seaford Beach tells a different success story. The Newhaven breakwater (completed 1890) accidentally created Seaford Bay by interrupting longshore drift. By the 1950s, inadequate defences left the beach nearly level with the promenade, causing regular flooding.
The turning point came with the 1987 major beach recharge project. Shingle dredged from the seabed off the Isle of Wight, combined with terminal groynes at Splash Point, transformed the area. Now requiring £660,000 twice-yearly replenishment, the beach has boosted house prices above the UK average - though gentrification means the cheapest properties now cost £450,000, pushing out longtime residents.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
9
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore the dynamic processes of coastal systems, focusing on the littoral zone, wave types, sediment cells, and the impact of long-term and short-term changes. This summary covers key concepts such as erosion, deposition, sediment budgets, and dynamic equilibrium, essential for Edexcel A Level Geography students.
GeographyExplore the formation of various coastal landforms including swash and drift aligned beaches, wave cut platforms, and salt marshes. This summary provides detailed explanations and diagrams illustrating the processes of erosion, deposition, and sediment transport that shape our coastlines. Ideal for geography students studying coastal systems.
GeographyExplore the intricate processes shaping coastal landscapes, including wave dynamics, sediment transport, and the impact of tides. This comprehensive overview covers key concepts such as erosion, deposition, and the influence of human activity on coastal systems. Ideal for students studying coastal geography and environmental science.
GeographyExplore the key processes shaping coastal landscapes, including erosional and depositional landforms, longshore drift, and the impact of waves. This summary covers essential concepts for Pearson Edexcel ‘A’ Level Geography, focusing on how these landforms contribute to coastal systems and environments.
GeographyExplore the dynamic coastal landscapes from Saltburn to Flamborough Head, focusing on the formation of headlands, bays, and unique geological features. This summary covers key concepts such as wave energy, erosion rates, sediment sources, and the impact of geological variations on coastal morphology. Ideal for students studying coastal systems and UK geography.
GeographyExplore the intricate processes of beach formation and depositional landforms in coastal geography. This summary covers key concepts such as longshore drift, tombolos, spits, and the characteristics of different beach materials. Ideal for Geography students studying coastal landscapes and processes.
GeographyApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology