Understanding Proteins and Their Biological Value
This comprehensive page explores the fundamental aspects of proteins as essential macronutrients and their critical roles in human health. The text details different protein types, their sources, and recommended intake levels for various demographic groups.
Definition: Proteins are macronutrients essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues.
Vocabulary: HBV (High Biological Value) proteins contain all essential amino acids, while LBV (Low Biological Value) proteins lack one or more amino acids.
Example: HBV protein sources include meat and fish, while LBV sources include chickpeas and pitta bread. Combining LBV proteins can create complete protein profiles.
Highlight: Soya stands out as a valuable non-meat protein option, providing a complete protein source for vegetarians and vegans.
The text outlines specific protein requirements:
- Adult males: 55g daily
- Adult females: 45g daily
- Pregnant women: Additional protein needed for fetal development
- Children: Requirements based on size and muscle mass
Quote: "Combining some LBV proteins can make up for each other's lost protein like chickpeas and pitta. So they are just as healthy."
The document also addresses health implications:
- Excess protein consumption can strain liver and kidneys
- Protein deficiency can lead to:
- Digestive issues
- Stunted growth
- Poor wound healing
- Swelling
- Increased infection risk
The text concludes by emphasizing protein's three main functions:
- Growth (childhood development, hair, nails, muscle mass)
- Repair (muscles, tissues, organs after illness/injury)
- Maintenance (enzyme and antibody production)
