The opening section of The Great Gatsby establishes the novel's central themes through careful examination of setting and character. Fitzgerald constructs a morally bankrupt society where appearances mask inner corruption, particularly through the geographical and social divide between East and West Egg.

Definition: The American Dream in the novel represents the idea that anyone can achieve prosperity and success through hard work and determination - but Fitzgerald reveals this as largely unattainable.

Example: The contrast between East and West Egg, where West Egg is described as "less fashionable" despite its wealth, illustrates the rigid social hierarchies that persist despite financial success.

Highlight: The Valley of Ashes and the eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg serve as powerful symbols of moral decay and divine judgment on the corrupt society.

Quote: "James Gatz had been loafing along the beach, but it was already Jay Gatsby who had borrowed a row boat..." This quote demonstrates how Gatsby's pursuit of reinvention is built on unstable foundations.

Vocabulary: "Facade" - an outward appearance that conceals a less pleasant reality, a key concept throughout the novel.

The character of Jay Gatsby embodies the tragic pursuit of the American dream today, with his transformation from James Gatz highlighting the artificial nature of social mobility. His constant reaching toward the green light symbolizes the perpetual pursuit of an unattainable dream, while Daisy's fixation on material wealth ("beautiful shirts") reveals the hollow nature of the era's values.