The Role of Marthas and Female Solidarity
The second page of the document continues to explore the power dynamics among women in Gilead, focusing on the role of Marthas and the limited forms of female solidarity that exist within this oppressive society.
Marthas, who are domestic workers in Gilead, occupy a unique position in the social hierarchy. While they lack the reproductive power of Handmaids or the social status of Wives, they are often perceived more positively by other women.
Highlight: Atwood portrays Marthas as the only gentle female characters, suggesting that in Gilead, female solidarity is primarily found in domestic roles.
This portrayal reinforces the idea that in Gilead, women's primary value is tied to traditional domestic duties such as cooking and cleaning. However, the relationship between Marthas and Handmaids is not always harmonious.
Quote: "Nothing I bring fully pleases her"
This quote, referring to Rita, a Martha, demonstrates the tension that can exist between Marthas and Handmaids. It suggests that even within the limited scope of female relationships in Gilead, there are still barriers and conflicts.
The character of Cora, another Martha, is presented as slightly more sympathetic to the Handmaid's plight:
Quote: "She actually smiles at me"
This small gesture of kindness highlights how rare and significant even minor acts of solidarity between women have become in Gilead.
Vocabulary: Martha - In The Handmaid's Tale, Marthas are women assigned to domestic duties in the households of the elite.
The document emphasizes that while Marthas may seem more approachable or kind, their role is still strictly defined by the oppressive system of Gilead. Their perceived gentleness is a result of their domestic role rather than a true form of sympathy or solidarity.
Example: The limited interaction between Offred and Rita, despite living in the same household, demonstrates how the rigid social structure of Gilead prevents genuine connections between women of different classes.
This analysis of the various female roles in Gilead provides valuable insight for students studying The Handmaid's Tale for A level exams. It highlights the complex power dynamics and the ways in which the oppressive system pits women against each other, making it an excellent resource for Handmaid's Tale revision A level.
