Guilt and Its Supernatural Consequences in Macbeth
Ever wondered what happens when guilt becomes so intense it literally drives you mad? In Macbeth, Shakespeare shows us exactly that through his tragic characters who can't escape their crimes.
Macbeth's guilt manifests as supernatural visions - he sees Banquo's ghost at the banquet, a terrifying reminder of his murderous actions. His famous line "O, full of scorpions is my mind, dear wife" uses the metaphor of poisonous creatures to show how guilt is literally eating him alive from the inside. The 'scorpions' represent the venomous thoughts that won't leave him alone.
Meanwhile, Lady Macbeth's guilt emerges through sleepwalking and obsessive hand-washing. Her desperate cries of "Out damned spot! Out I say!" reveal her psychological breakdown. The repetition and exclamatory sentences highlight her frantic desperation to rid herself of imaginary bloodstains that symbolise her guilt.
Shakespeare uses the concept of Divine Right of Kings to emphasise the enormity of their crime. By murdering Duncan, they've not just killed a man - they've defied God himself, making their guilt insurmountable. Macbeth's reference to "all great Neptune's ocean" not being able to wash the blood from his hands shows he believes even the sea god cannot cleanse his sin.
Key Insight: The irony is that while guilt eventually destroys Lady Macbeth, Macbeth's ambition ultimately outweighs his guilt - yet it's this very guilt that contributes to both their downfalls.
The recurring blood metaphor serves as a constant reminder of their crimes. Macbeth's realisation that he is "in blood, stepp'd in so far" represents the point of no return - he understands that going forward or backward are equally difficult paths.