London by William Blake - Power and Conflict Analysis
Ever walked through a city and noticed how different areas feel? Blake's "London" does exactly this, but reveals the dark reality of how power creates suffering for ordinary people.
The poem opens with "chartered streets" and "chartered Thames" - showing how even public spaces were owned and controlled by the rich. The word "chartered" appears twice to emphasise how royal charters gave wealthy people ownership over everything, leaving the poor with no freedom. Blake uses irony here because rivers should flow freely, yet even the Thames is controlled.
Blake sees "marks of weakness, marks of woe" in every face he meets. This alliteration and repetition of "marks" suggests people are branded like cattle - their suffering is their only defining characteristic. The anaphora (repetition of "In every") in the second stanza hammers home how universal this misery is.
Key insight: The "mind-forged manacles" show how people become psychologically trapped by society's expectations - they can't even think freely anymore.
Structure matters: Blake uses four quatrains four−lineverses with similar line lengths to represent the monotonous, trapped lives of London's poor. The cyclical structure shows this misery never ends, whilst enjambment creates a sense of relentless suffering that just keeps going.