Social and Historical Context of Macbeth
Shakespeare's tragic masterpiece explores the downfall of a noble warrior corrupted by ambition. The play's historical setting and social context are deeply intertwined with Jacobean era Macbeth context and contemporary beliefs about divine order and monarchy.
Definition: The Great Chain of Being was a hierarchical structure of all matter and life believed to have been decreed by God. It placed God at the top, followed by angels, monarchs, nobles, commoners, animals, plants, and minerals.
Highlight: Written in 1606, the play deliberately incorporates elements to please King James I, who had recently become monarch of both Scotland and England.
Example: The character of Banquo, from whom King James I claimed descent, is portrayed as noble and virtuous, in contrast to the corrupted Macbeth.
Quote: "The bloodbath swiftly propels Macbeth and Lady Macbeth to arrogance, madness & death."
Vocabulary:
- Regicide: The killing of a king
- Divine Right of Kings: The belief that monarchs derived their authority directly from God
- Tyrant: A cruel and oppressive ruler
The play demonstrates how disrupting the natural order through regicide leads to chaos and destruction, reflecting contemporary beliefs about divine right and social hierarchy. The eventual restoration of order through Malcolm's ascension reinforces the period's political and religious worldview.
