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Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
World war one
Britain: 1509 -1745
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English Literature
8 Dec 2025
200
3 pages
E @epg.xoxo
Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" is a powerful story about transformation, showing how the miserly Ebenezer Scrooge changes... Show more
Scrooge starts as "a miserly and misanthropil man" who completely transforms through his encounters with four spirits. His redemption connects directly to Christian principles of forgiveness and rebirth.
By the end, Scrooge describes himself as "light as a feather, as happy as an angel, as merry as a school boy". This vivid imagery shows he's been completely reborn as a sin-free person who's found joy again.
The contrast with Jacob Marley is crucial here. Marley warns "I wear the chains I forged in life", but Scrooge won't have these chains weighing him down because he achieves redemption. Marley believes "a chance and hope of my procuring" means Scrooge can still save himself through proper penance.
Key Point Scrooge's transformation from describing the poor as criminals to embracing charity shows how redemption can completely change someone's worldview.
Initially, Scrooge shows shocking cruelty towards the poor, suggesting "if they would rather die, they better do it and decrease the surplus population". This reflects his belief there's too little food and too many people, so killing the impoverished would solve society's problems.
Scrooge's isolation isn't forced upon him - he's deliberately chosen to cut himself off from society. "Self contained and solitary as an oyster" uses sibilance to emphasise his sly, sneaky loneliness.
The oyster metaphor is particularly clever because when forced open, an oyster might contain a pearl. This suggests there could be something worthwhile hidden inside Scrooge if someone could break through his shell.
His philosophy "It's enough for a man to understand his own business and not to interfere with other people's" shows he has no desire to help anyone but himself. He's completely preoccupied with money rather than human connections.
Key Point Scrooge's childhood experience of being "a solitary child neglected by his friends" at boarding school over Christmas explains the origins of his adult isolation.
This childhood trauma of being left alone during the Christmas period helps explain why Scrooge developed such selfish characteristics in adulthood. When Fred invites him for Christmas dinner, Scrooge rejects the offer, preferring to return to his "money, lonely, cold house" rather than be with family.
While everyone else celebrates Christmas regardless of their wealth or status, Scrooge remains the odd one out. He declares "every idiot that goes around with Merry Christmas on his lips should be boiled in his own pudding", showing he cannot accept any generosity offered to him.
Scrooge repeatedly calls Christmas a "humbug" - expressing rejection and viewing it as deluded or deceitful. He's genuinely irritated by any mention of Christmas, seeing it only as a day of lost profit rather than family celebration.
Tiny Tim represents the importance of family and love, embodying pure goodness. His potential death in Scrooge's vision becomes the catalyst for redemption. Dickens deliberately creates religious symbolism here, linking Tim to Christ's sacrifice to save mankind from sin.
Key Point The contrast between Fred's persistent cheerfulness towards Christmas and Scrooge's bitterness shows Dickens presenting them as complete opposites - Fred embodies the true spirit of Christmas.
"God bless us, everyone" becomes Tim's famous line, whilst his hope that "people saw him in church because he was a cripple" might remind them of Christ "who made blind men see and beggars walk". This positions Tim as a symbol of giving towards the less fortunate and embracing Christian charity.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
8
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore key quotations and in-depth analysis of capitalism's damaging effects and Scrooge's transformation in 'A Christmas Carol'. This study note covers themes of isolation, redemption, and the critique of wealth, providing essential insights for your mock exams and GCSE preparation.
English LiteratureExplore the key themes and ambitions in Walton's first letter from Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein'. This analysis delves into his motivations for exploration, the allure of the unknown, and the philosophical reflections on nature and discovery. Ideal for literary analysis and understanding character development in the Romantic genre.
English LiteratureExplore the key themes and character insights from Robert Walton's second letter in Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein'. This analysis delves into Walton's isolation, aspirations, and the romantic elements that drive his journey. Ideal for literary analysis and understanding character motivations.
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
E
@epg.xoxo
Charles Dickens' "A Christmas Carol" is a powerful story about transformation, showing how the miserly Ebenezer Scrooge changes from a cold-hearted man into someone who embraces the Christmas spirit. The novella explores themes of poverty, redemption, and social responsibility in... Show more
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Join milions of students
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Scrooge starts as "a miserly and misanthropil man" who completely transforms through his encounters with four spirits. His redemption connects directly to Christian principles of forgiveness and rebirth.
By the end, Scrooge describes himself as "light as a feather, as happy as an angel, as merry as a school boy". This vivid imagery shows he's been completely reborn as a sin-free person who's found joy again.
The contrast with Jacob Marley is crucial here. Marley warns "I wear the chains I forged in life", but Scrooge won't have these chains weighing him down because he achieves redemption. Marley believes "a chance and hope of my procuring" means Scrooge can still save himself through proper penance.
Key Point: Scrooge's transformation from describing the poor as criminals to embracing charity shows how redemption can completely change someone's worldview.
Initially, Scrooge shows shocking cruelty towards the poor, suggesting "if they would rather die, they better do it and decrease the surplus population". This reflects his belief there's too little food and too many people, so killing the impoverished would solve society's problems.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Scrooge's isolation isn't forced upon him - he's deliberately chosen to cut himself off from society. "Self contained and solitary as an oyster" uses sibilance to emphasise his sly, sneaky loneliness.
The oyster metaphor is particularly clever because when forced open, an oyster might contain a pearl. This suggests there could be something worthwhile hidden inside Scrooge if someone could break through his shell.
His philosophy "It's enough for a man to understand his own business and not to interfere with other people's" shows he has no desire to help anyone but himself. He's completely preoccupied with money rather than human connections.
Key Point: Scrooge's childhood experience of being "a solitary child neglected by his friends" at boarding school over Christmas explains the origins of his adult isolation.
This childhood trauma of being left alone during the Christmas period helps explain why Scrooge developed such selfish characteristics in adulthood. When Fred invites him for Christmas dinner, Scrooge rejects the offer, preferring to return to his "money, lonely, cold house" rather than be with family.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
While everyone else celebrates Christmas regardless of their wealth or status, Scrooge remains the odd one out. He declares "every idiot that goes around with Merry Christmas on his lips should be boiled in his own pudding", showing he cannot accept any generosity offered to him.
Scrooge repeatedly calls Christmas a "humbug" - expressing rejection and viewing it as deluded or deceitful. He's genuinely irritated by any mention of Christmas, seeing it only as a day of lost profit rather than family celebration.
Tiny Tim represents the importance of family and love, embodying pure goodness. His potential death in Scrooge's vision becomes the catalyst for redemption. Dickens deliberately creates religious symbolism here, linking Tim to Christ's sacrifice to save mankind from sin.
Key Point: The contrast between Fred's persistent cheerfulness towards Christmas and Scrooge's bitterness shows Dickens presenting them as complete opposites - Fred embodies the true spirit of Christmas.
"God bless us, everyone" becomes Tim's famous line, whilst his hope that "people saw him in church because he was a cripple" might remind them of Christ "who made blind men see and beggars walk". This positions Tim as a symbol of giving towards the less fortunate and embracing Christian charity.
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
8
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Explore key quotations and in-depth analysis of capitalism's damaging effects and Scrooge's transformation in 'A Christmas Carol'. This study note covers themes of isolation, redemption, and the critique of wealth, providing essential insights for your mock exams and GCSE preparation.
English LiteratureExplore the key themes and ambitions in Walton's first letter from Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein'. This analysis delves into his motivations for exploration, the allure of the unknown, and the philosophical reflections on nature and discovery. Ideal for literary analysis and understanding character development in the Romantic genre.
English LiteratureExplore the key themes and character insights from Robert Walton's second letter in Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein'. This analysis delves into Walton's isolation, aspirations, and the romantic elements that drive his journey. Ideal for literary analysis and understanding character motivations.
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology