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261
โข
2 Aug 2023
โข
Language Fun: How Social Groups and Age Change the Way We Speak
J
Jessey๐
@jessey_xo
Age and Language Variation
This page explores the relationship between age and social interaction in language variation, highlighting key theories and studies in sociolinguistics.
Eckert's Three Forms of Age:
- Chronological: How long someone has been alive
- Social: How someone interacts socially
- Biological: Physical maturity
Reading Study Findings:
- Examined children's use of non-standard forms, including multiple negation and "ain't"
- Boys were more likely to approve of criminal activity
- Children approving of criminal activity were more likely to use non-standard forms
- Link between covert prestige and use of non-standard forms
Vocabulary:
- Expletives: Swear words
- Multiple Negation: Using more than one negative in a sentence
- Standard forms: Socially accepted way of saying things
- Overt Prestige: Social value gained from using standard forms
- Covert Prestige: Social value gained from using non-standard forms
Language and age theorists provide valuable insights:
Parrott: Teenage identity is characterized by rebellion, forbidden behavior, exclusion, and idolization.
Eckert: Teenspeak distances teenagers from adults.
Tagliamonte: Teenagers use more intensifiers online, with no evidence of grammar decline.
Definition:
- Convergence: Language becomes more similar
- Divergence: Language becomes more different
- Code: A form of language
- Genderlect: The language of a gender
- Sociolect: The language of a social group
- Ethnolect: The language of an ethnic group
- Teenspeak: The language of teenagers
Bernstein's Code Theory:
- Two types of codes: Restricted and Elaborated
- Restricted code: Uses conjunctions, context-dependent language, and non-standard syntax
- Elaborated code: Uses more standard English
- Research findings: All children understand both codes when spoken to Working-class children speak using restricted code Middle and upper-class children speak using elaborated code but can use restricted code This disadvantages working-class children in formal situations
Highlight: The language group examples presented here demonstrate how social groups language diversity impacts communication and identity formation across different age groups and social classes.
Sexuality and Language:
- Leap coined "lavender linguistics" to study language and sexuality
- Lakoff: Gay men adopt deficit features to mirror women's language
- Baker: Gay speech uses puns, acronyms, and specific lexical items
- Kulik: Language alone cannot determine sexuality
- Butler: Language use and behavior can perform an identity
Stenstrom's Teenspeak Features:
- Slang
- Expletives
- Contractions
- Name-calling
- Insult battles
Zimmerman's Teenspeak Influences:
- Media
- Music
- Internet
Labov's Studies:
- New York Stores Study: Examined presence of post-vocalic rhotic /r/ in different class stores Found class-based differences in pronunciation
- Martha's Vineyard Study: Younger members converged to older members' vowel pronunciation when tourists arrived
Multicultural London English :
- Variety of English popular among young Black teenagers in London
- Features: Lexical: "peng" , "creps" Grammatical: Unique sentence structures Phonological: th-stopping
Example: In MLE, "Why you eating that for?" demonstrates a unique grammatical structure.
Theories on MLE:
- Kerswill: MLE will replace Cockney
- Rampton: MLE spreads through friendship groups
- Drummond: Identified Multicultural Urban British English in Manchester
- Khan: Ethnicity is a central factor influencing language
- Rampton & Harris: Four ways to categorize ethnolects: Deficit, Difference, Dominance, and Crossing
Quote: "Does the language you speak affect your identity?" This question is central to understanding the complex relationship between language and social groups.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us โ and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Language Fun: How Social Groups and Age Change the Way We Speak
J
Jessey๐
@jessey_xo
Language and social groups play a crucial role in shaping communication patterns and identity. This summary explores key concepts in social groups language diversity, focusing on age, social interaction, and language variation.
- Age influences language use through chronological, social,... Show more
Age and Language Variation
This page explores the relationship between age and social interaction in language variation, highlighting key theories and studies in sociolinguistics.
Eckert's Three Forms of Age:
- Chronological: How long someone has been alive
- Social: How someone interacts socially
- Biological: Physical maturity
Reading Study Findings:
- Examined children's use of non-standard forms, including multiple negation and "ain't"
- Boys were more likely to approve of criminal activity
- Children approving of criminal activity were more likely to use non-standard forms
- Link between covert prestige and use of non-standard forms
Vocabulary:
- Expletives: Swear words
- Multiple Negation: Using more than one negative in a sentence
- Standard forms: Socially accepted way of saying things
- Overt Prestige: Social value gained from using standard forms
- Covert Prestige: Social value gained from using non-standard forms
Language and age theorists provide valuable insights:
Parrott: Teenage identity is characterized by rebellion, forbidden behavior, exclusion, and idolization.
Eckert: Teenspeak distances teenagers from adults.
Tagliamonte: Teenagers use more intensifiers online, with no evidence of grammar decline.
Definition:
- Convergence: Language becomes more similar
- Divergence: Language becomes more different
- Code: A form of language
- Genderlect: The language of a gender
- Sociolect: The language of a social group
- Ethnolect: The language of an ethnic group
- Teenspeak: The language of teenagers
Bernstein's Code Theory:
- Two types of codes: Restricted and Elaborated
- Restricted code: Uses conjunctions, context-dependent language, and non-standard syntax
- Elaborated code: Uses more standard English
- Research findings: All children understand both codes when spoken to Working-class children speak using restricted code Middle and upper-class children speak using elaborated code but can use restricted code This disadvantages working-class children in formal situations
Highlight: The language group examples presented here demonstrate how social groups language diversity impacts communication and identity formation across different age groups and social classes.
Sexuality and Language:
- Leap coined "lavender linguistics" to study language and sexuality
- Lakoff: Gay men adopt deficit features to mirror women's language
- Baker: Gay speech uses puns, acronyms, and specific lexical items
- Kulik: Language alone cannot determine sexuality
- Butler: Language use and behavior can perform an identity
Stenstrom's Teenspeak Features:
- Slang
- Expletives
- Contractions
- Name-calling
- Insult battles
Zimmerman's Teenspeak Influences:
- Media
- Music
- Internet
Labov's Studies:
- New York Stores Study: Examined presence of post-vocalic rhotic /r/ in different class stores Found class-based differences in pronunciation
- Martha's Vineyard Study: Younger members converged to older members' vowel pronunciation when tourists arrived
Multicultural London English :
- Variety of English popular among young Black teenagers in London
- Features: Lexical: "peng" , "creps" Grammatical: Unique sentence structures Phonological: th-stopping
Example: In MLE, "Why you eating that for?" demonstrates a unique grammatical structure.
Theories on MLE:
- Kerswill: MLE will replace Cockney
- Rampton: MLE spreads through friendship groups
- Drummond: Identified Multicultural Urban British English in Manchester
- Khan: Ethnicity is a central factor influencing language
- Rampton & Harris: Four ways to categorize ethnolects: Deficit, Difference, Dominance, and Crossing
Quote: "Does the language you speak affect your identity?" This question is central to understanding the complex relationship between language and social groups.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us โ and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because itโs too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didnโt even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as Iโm sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH ๐๐๐ฒ๐ค๐โจ๐๐ฎ
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user