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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
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Chemistry
2 Dec 2025
78
4 pages
Ummi @ummi_.com
Solubility is one of those chemistry topics that's actually everywhere around you - from sugar dissolving in your... Show more
Think of solubility as the maximum amount of stuff you can dissolve in a liquid before it just won't take any more. It's like adding sugar to water - there's a point where no more sugar will dissolve, no matter how much you stir.
Several factors control how well things dissolve. The golden rule is "like dissolves like" - polar substances (like salt) dissolve in polar solvents (like water), whilst nonpolar substances (like oil) prefer nonpolar solvents.
Temperature plays a massive role too. Most solids dissolve better when it's hot (think hot chocolate powder), but gases actually dissolve less in warm liquids. That's why fizzy drinks go flat faster on hot days!
💡 Quick Tip Remember "like dissolves like" - it'll help you predict what dissolves in what!
You'll encounter three main types of solutions, and understanding these will make chemistry problems much easier. A saturated solution is like a full car park - it contains the maximum amount of solute possible at that temperature.
An unsaturated solution still has room for more solute, like a car park with empty spaces. You can keep adding more substance and it'll keep dissolving.
Supersaturated solutions are the weird ones - they're like cramming extra cars into a full car park. These solutions contain more solute than should theoretically be possible and they're really unstable. They'll often suddenly dump out the extra solute without warning!
Henry's Law explains why gas solubility increases with pressure - it's why fizzy drinks are bottled under high pressure to keep all that CO₂ dissolved.
💡 Memory Trick Think of solutions like car parks - unsaturated has space, saturated is full, supersaturated is dangerously overpacked!
Scientists measure solubility in several ways, and you'll need to know the main ones for your exams. Molarity (M) tells you moles of solute per litre of solution - it's probably the most common unit you'll use.
Molality (m) is similar but uses kilograms of solvent instead. For very dilute solutions, we use parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb) - these are like percentages but for tiny amounts.
These units might seem confusing at first, but they're just different ways of saying "how much stuff is dissolved in how much liquid." Choose the right unit based on what you're measuring and how concentrated your solution is.
💡 Exam Tip Double-check whether the question asks for molarity or molality - they're easily confused but use different denominators!
Solubility isn't just a textbook concept - it's crucial in loads of industries you interact with daily. In pharmaceuticals, getting the solubility right determines whether a medicine actually works in your body.
Environmental science relies heavily on solubility to predict how pollutants spread through water systems. Even food science uses solubility principles to create the textures and flavours you love in processed foods.
Key processes to remember include dissolution (the actual dissolving process), solvation (how solvent molecules surround solute particles), and precipitation (when dissolved stuff comes back out of solution). The solubility product constant (Ksp) helps predict exactly how much of poorly soluble compounds will dissolve.
💡 Real-World Connection Next time you make a hot drink, notice how much easier it is to dissolve sugar in hot liquid - that's temperature affecting solubility in action!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
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The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Ummi
@ummi_.com
Solubility is one of those chemistry topics that's actually everywhere around you - from sugar dissolving in your tea to how medicines work in your body. Understanding how different substances dissolve (or don't) will help you make sense of countless... Show more
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Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Think of solubility as the maximum amount of stuff you can dissolve in a liquid before it just won't take any more. It's like adding sugar to water - there's a point where no more sugar will dissolve, no matter how much you stir.
Several factors control how well things dissolve. The golden rule is "like dissolves like" - polar substances (like salt) dissolve in polar solvents (like water), whilst nonpolar substances (like oil) prefer nonpolar solvents.
Temperature plays a massive role too. Most solids dissolve better when it's hot (think hot chocolate powder), but gases actually dissolve less in warm liquids. That's why fizzy drinks go flat faster on hot days!
💡 Quick Tip: Remember "like dissolves like" - it'll help you predict what dissolves in what!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
You'll encounter three main types of solutions, and understanding these will make chemistry problems much easier. A saturated solution is like a full car park - it contains the maximum amount of solute possible at that temperature.
An unsaturated solution still has room for more solute, like a car park with empty spaces. You can keep adding more substance and it'll keep dissolving.
Supersaturated solutions are the weird ones - they're like cramming extra cars into a full car park. These solutions contain more solute than should theoretically be possible and they're really unstable. They'll often suddenly dump out the extra solute without warning!
Henry's Law explains why gas solubility increases with pressure - it's why fizzy drinks are bottled under high pressure to keep all that CO₂ dissolved.
💡 Memory Trick: Think of solutions like car parks - unsaturated has space, saturated is full, supersaturated is dangerously overpacked!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Scientists measure solubility in several ways, and you'll need to know the main ones for your exams. Molarity (M) tells you moles of solute per litre of solution - it's probably the most common unit you'll use.
Molality (m) is similar but uses kilograms of solvent instead. For very dilute solutions, we use parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb) - these are like percentages but for tiny amounts.
These units might seem confusing at first, but they're just different ways of saying "how much stuff is dissolved in how much liquid." Choose the right unit based on what you're measuring and how concentrated your solution is.
💡 Exam Tip: Double-check whether the question asks for molarity or molality - they're easily confused but use different denominators!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Solubility isn't just a textbook concept - it's crucial in loads of industries you interact with daily. In pharmaceuticals, getting the solubility right determines whether a medicine actually works in your body.
Environmental science relies heavily on solubility to predict how pollutants spread through water systems. Even food science uses solubility principles to create the textures and flavours you love in processed foods.
Key processes to remember include dissolution (the actual dissolving process), solvation (how solvent molecules surround solute particles), and precipitation (when dissolved stuff comes back out of solution). The solubility product constant (Ksp) helps predict exactly how much of poorly soluble compounds will dissolve.
💡 Real-World Connection: Next time you make a hot drink, notice how much easier it is to dissolve sugar in hot liquid - that's temperature affecting solubility in action!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
1
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology