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13 May 2023
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GCSE Science Revision Notes for Beginners - Free PDF
lanya :D
@lanyaa2010_gaea
Cell Structure and Specialized Cells
This page focuses on the structure of animal and plant cells, highlighting their key components and functions. It also introduces the concept of specialized cells.
The animal cell diagram shows essential components such as the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm. The plant cell diagram includes additional structures like the cell wall and chloroplasts.
Vocabulary: Chloroplasts - Green discs that allow plants to make food through photosynthesis.
Vocabulary: Cytoplasm - A jelly-like substance where many of the cell's activities occur.
Vocabulary: Vacuole - A storage space in plant cells filled with cell sap.
The page also mentions specialized cells:
Example: Nerve cells are specialized cells that carry electrical impulses around the body.
This information is crucial for understanding diffusion in Biology and cell biology in general.
Diffusion and Brownian Motion
This page explains the concepts of diffusion in Biology and Brownian motion, which are fundamental to understanding cellular processes and particle behavior.
Definition: Diffusion in Biology is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process affects the rate at which substances enter and exit cells.
The page includes a diagram illustrating the diffusion process, showing how particles move from a high concentration area to a low concentration area until they are evenly distributed.
Highlight: Understanding diffusion in biology notes is crucial for grasping how cells interact with their environment and maintain homeostasis.
The page also introduces Brownian motion:
Definition: Brownian motion is the random movement of particles suspended in a medium.
A diagram shows the different states of matter and how particles behave in each state, which is relevant to understanding diffusion in Chemistry as well.
Solutions and Indicators
This page covers important concepts related to solutions and indicators, which are essential topics in chemistry.
Vocabulary: Solution - The mixture produced when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
Vocabulary: Solute - The substance that is dissolved in a solvent.
Vocabulary: Solvent - A liquid in which another substance can be dissolved.
The page also explains solubility:
Definition: Soluble - A substance that can be completely dissolved in a liquid.
Definition: Insoluble - A substance that cannot be dissolved in a particular solvent.
Highlight: A saturated solution is one in which the maximum mass of a solid, liquid, or gas can be dissolved at a given temperature.
The concept of osmosis is introduced:
Definition: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
The page also mentions indicators:
Example: Lichens are used to make litmus paper. Blue litmus paper turns red in acids, while red litmus paper turns blue in alkalis.
This information is crucial for understanding the use of universal indicator in chemistry.
Universal Indicator and pH Scale
This page focuses on the universal indicator in Chemistry and the pH scale, which are essential tools for determining the acidity or alkalinity of solutions.
Definition: Universal Indicator is a mixture of plant dyes that can determine how acidic or alkaline a solution is.
The page presents the pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14, with examples of common substances at different pH levels:
Example: Very acidic substances include gastric acid, while very alkaline substances include bleach.
Highlight: The universal indicator colour changes based on the pH of the solution, providing a visual representation of acidity or alkalinity.
The concept of neutralization is also introduced:
Definition: Neutralization is a chemical reaction where an acid and a base react with each other.
Understanding the use of universal indicator in chemistry and the pH scale is crucial for many chemical analyses and experiments in GCSE-level science.
Laboratory Equipment and Basic Concepts
This page introduces essential laboratory equipment and fundamental scientific concepts. It covers various tools used in scientific experiments and explains key terms related to scientific measurements and variables.
The page illustrates common laboratory equipment such as beakers, test tubes, Bunsen burners, and thermometers. It also introduces the concept of density and its measurement in g/cm³.
Vocabulary: Independent variable - The variable that can be changed in an experiment.
Vocabulary: Dependent variable - The variable being tested or measured in an experiment.
Vocabulary: Control variable - The variable that remains constant throughout the experiment.
The page also compares electron microscopes and light microscopes:
Highlight: Electron microscopes use a beam of electrons and provide higher resolution images but are more expensive. Light microscopes use a beam of light and offer lower resolution images but are less expensive.
Lastly, it distinguishes between chemical and physical changes:
Definition: Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another substance, affecting its chemical form. Physical changes are alterations that do not affect the chemical composition of a substance.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
GCSE Science Revision Notes for Beginners - Free PDF
lanya :D
@lanyaa2010_gaea
Science revision notes for beginners: This document covers key concepts in biology, chemistry, and physics, including cell structure, diffusion, osmosis, and pH scales. It provides essential information for GCSE-level science students, with detailed explanations and visual aids.
• Covers... Show more
Cell Structure and Specialized Cells
This page focuses on the structure of animal and plant cells, highlighting their key components and functions. It also introduces the concept of specialized cells.
The animal cell diagram shows essential components such as the nucleus, cell membrane, and cytoplasm. The plant cell diagram includes additional structures like the cell wall and chloroplasts.
Vocabulary: Chloroplasts - Green discs that allow plants to make food through photosynthesis.
Vocabulary: Cytoplasm - A jelly-like substance where many of the cell's activities occur.
Vocabulary: Vacuole - A storage space in plant cells filled with cell sap.
The page also mentions specialized cells:
Example: Nerve cells are specialized cells that carry electrical impulses around the body.
This information is crucial for understanding diffusion in Biology and cell biology in general.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Diffusion and Brownian Motion
This page explains the concepts of diffusion in Biology and Brownian motion, which are fundamental to understanding cellular processes and particle behavior.
Definition: Diffusion in Biology is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This process affects the rate at which substances enter and exit cells.
The page includes a diagram illustrating the diffusion process, showing how particles move from a high concentration area to a low concentration area until they are evenly distributed.
Highlight: Understanding diffusion in biology notes is crucial for grasping how cells interact with their environment and maintain homeostasis.
The page also introduces Brownian motion:
Definition: Brownian motion is the random movement of particles suspended in a medium.
A diagram shows the different states of matter and how particles behave in each state, which is relevant to understanding diffusion in Chemistry as well.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Solutions and Indicators
This page covers important concepts related to solutions and indicators, which are essential topics in chemistry.
Vocabulary: Solution - The mixture produced when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
Vocabulary: Solute - The substance that is dissolved in a solvent.
Vocabulary: Solvent - A liquid in which another substance can be dissolved.
The page also explains solubility:
Definition: Soluble - A substance that can be completely dissolved in a liquid.
Definition: Insoluble - A substance that cannot be dissolved in a particular solvent.
Highlight: A saturated solution is one in which the maximum mass of a solid, liquid, or gas can be dissolved at a given temperature.
The concept of osmosis is introduced:
Definition: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration through a partially permeable membrane.
The page also mentions indicators:
Example: Lichens are used to make litmus paper. Blue litmus paper turns red in acids, while red litmus paper turns blue in alkalis.
This information is crucial for understanding the use of universal indicator in chemistry.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Universal Indicator and pH Scale
This page focuses on the universal indicator in Chemistry and the pH scale, which are essential tools for determining the acidity or alkalinity of solutions.
Definition: Universal Indicator is a mixture of plant dyes that can determine how acidic or alkaline a solution is.
The page presents the pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14, with examples of common substances at different pH levels:
Example: Very acidic substances include gastric acid, while very alkaline substances include bleach.
Highlight: The universal indicator colour changes based on the pH of the solution, providing a visual representation of acidity or alkalinity.
The concept of neutralization is also introduced:
Definition: Neutralization is a chemical reaction where an acid and a base react with each other.
Understanding the use of universal indicator in chemistry and the pH scale is crucial for many chemical analyses and experiments in GCSE-level science.
Sign up to see the contentIt's free!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Laboratory Equipment and Basic Concepts
This page introduces essential laboratory equipment and fundamental scientific concepts. It covers various tools used in scientific experiments and explains key terms related to scientific measurements and variables.
The page illustrates common laboratory equipment such as beakers, test tubes, Bunsen burners, and thermometers. It also introduces the concept of density and its measurement in g/cm³.
Vocabulary: Independent variable - The variable that can be changed in an experiment.
Vocabulary: Dependent variable - The variable being tested or measured in an experiment.
Vocabulary: Control variable - The variable that remains constant throughout the experiment.
The page also compares electron microscopes and light microscopes:
Highlight: Electron microscopes use a beam of electrons and provide higher resolution images but are more expensive. Light microscopes use a beam of light and offer lower resolution images but are less expensive.
Lastly, it distinguishes between chemical and physical changes:
Definition: Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another substance, affecting its chemical form. Physical changes are alterations that do not affect the chemical composition of a substance.
Can't find what you're looking for? Explore other subjects.
Students love us — and so will you.
4.9/5
App Store
4.8/5
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user