Maths
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Responding to change (a2 only)
Infection and response
Homeostasis and response
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Cell biology
Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (a-level only)
Biological molecules
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Britain & the wider world: 1745 -1901
1l the quest for political stability: germany, 1871-1991
The cold war
Inter-war germany
Medieval period: 1066 -1509
2d religious conflict and the church in england, c1529-c1570
2o democracy and nazism: germany, 1918-1945
1f industrialisation and the people: britain, c1783-1885
1c the tudors: england, 1485-1603
2m wars and welfare: britain in transition, 1906-1957
World war two & the holocaust
2n revolution and dictatorship: russia, 1917-1953
2s the making of modern britain, 1951-2007
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Business
11 Dec 2025
81
6 pages
Pheebs @phoebe1
Market research is your secret weapon for understanding what customers actually want and need. It's all about gathering... Show more
Market research is basically detective work for businesses - it's the process of finding out about customers and potential customers to help satisfy their needs more effectively. Think of it as your way of getting inside your customers' heads before making expensive business decisions.
Primary research means gathering brand-new information directly from your target customers. You're doing original research yourself through surveys, questionnaires, focus groups, or simply watching how people behave. It's brilliant because it's focused on exactly what you need to know and gives you up-to-date, reliable information.
The downside? Primary research can be seriously expensive and time-consuming. Plus, there's no guarantee it'll give you accurate results - especially if your sample size is too small or you ask the wrong questions.
Secondary research uses information that already exists, like internet reports, government data, or market studies. It's your quick and cheap option for getting background information.
Quick Tip Primary research tells you exactly what you want to know, but secondary research tells you what others have already discovered!
Secondary research is the budget-friendly option that's already waiting for you online. It's cheaper than primary research, already exists (often free), and you can collect it quickly. Perfect when you need basic market information fast.
But here's the catch - secondary research isn't tailored to your specific business needs. You can't be sure if the data is reliable, biased, or completely out of date. It's like buying clothes without trying them on first.
Quantitative data deals with numbers and facts from large groups of people. It answers questions like "who?", "when?", and "how many?" Think statistics and graphs that show clear patterns across hundreds or thousands of people.
Qualitative data digs deeper into opinions and feelings from smaller groups. It explores "why?" and "how?" questions, giving you rich insights into customer attitudes and beliefs. A focus group of 8 people discussing your product idea is qualitative research.
Remember Quantitative = quantity (numbers), Qualitative = quality (opinions)!
Market research isn't foolproof - data can be seriously misleading if you're not careful. Your sample might only represent a tiny fraction of the whole market, or you might end up asking people who are all the same age and have similar opinions.
Yes/no questions are quick and easy but give you limited information. Focus groups provide brilliant in-depth insights but only from a small sample of people. It's a constant balancing act between depth and breadth.
Sometimes entrepreneurs should actually ignore market research results. When you're creating something completely new and innovative that customers have never experienced before, they might reject it simply because it's too different. Think about how people initially reacted to smartphones or electric cars.
Market segmentation splits your market into smaller groups based on location, income, lifestyle, age, and other demographic factors. People in Manchester might have different tastes than those in Brighton, and teenagers definitely want different things than pensioners.
Key Point Sometimes the best innovations happen when businesses brave enough to ignore research that says "customers don't want this"!
Market segmentation can seriously boost your sales by designing products for specific customer groups. Instead of trying to please everyone (which usually pleases no one), you focus on particular segments with similar characteristics.
The benefits are massive you increase sales, cut promotion expenses by targeting specific groups, build stronger relationships with customers, and can price products differently to maximise revenue. Social media makes this easier than ever - you can track locations and habits of different customer segments.
But segmentation isn't perfect. It assumes all customers in one segment have similar needs, which isn't always true. Different segments can be hard to define - what exactly counts as an "active" lifestyle? Plus, it's expensive and time-consuming, and you might target the wrong segments.
Market mapping helps you visualise where your business fits compared to competitors. You plot different features like price vs quality, or convenience vs choice, to spot gaps in the market where no one's competing yet.
Smart Strategy Use market mapping to find your sweet spot where competitors aren't already fighting for customers!
Picture this you plot supermarkets on a map with "high price" at the top, "low price" at the bottom, "high quality" on the right, and "low quality" on the left. M&S and Waitrose sit in the high price, high quality corner, while Aldi and Lidl occupy the low price, reasonable quality space.
Market mapping uses both primary research (focus groups, surveys, observing actual selling prices) and secondary research (competitor websites, customer reviews, online product descriptions). This combination gives you a realistic picture of where everyone stands.
The benefits are brilliant you can spot gaps in the market, understand your competition before launching, design products that stand out, and see where markets are overcrowded. It helps you create variety in your product range to appeal to different market segments.
But be careful - if you don't choose the right features to map, you'll get misleading results that highlight fake opportunities. Market mapping is just a tool that helps analyse markets; it doesn't make business decisions for you.
Reality Check A gap in the market doesn't always mean there's a market in the gap - sometimes there's no demand for a reason!
Competition happens when two or more businesses fight for the same customers. It's like a constant battle where businesses try to outdo each other on price, quality, location, product range, and customer service.
You can analyse competitors by scoring them out of 5 on different factors. For example, H&M might score 4/5 for price (cheaper) but only 3/5 for quality, while Zara scores 3/5 for price (more expensive) but 4/5 for quality. Add up the scores to see who's winning overall.
Competition forces businesses to make smart decisions to survive and succeed. They might undercut competitors with lower prices, improve product quality, or find creative solutions like small businesses using websites instead of expensive high street locations.
Small businesses can compete with big chains by focusing on excellent customer service and getting to know exactly what customers like and dislike. While they can't afford prime locations or match big budgets, they can offer personal touch that large companies often lack.
Competitive Edge Small businesses often win by being more flexible and personal than their larger competitors!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Pheebs
@phoebe1
Market research is your secret weapon for understanding what customers actually want and need. It's all about gathering information to make smarter business decisions and reduce the risk of launching products that nobody wants.
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Market research is basically detective work for businesses - it's the process of finding out about customers and potential customers to help satisfy their needs more effectively. Think of it as your way of getting inside your customers' heads before making expensive business decisions.
Primary research means gathering brand-new information directly from your target customers. You're doing original research yourself through surveys, questionnaires, focus groups, or simply watching how people behave. It's brilliant because it's focused on exactly what you need to know and gives you up-to-date, reliable information.
The downside? Primary research can be seriously expensive and time-consuming. Plus, there's no guarantee it'll give you accurate results - especially if your sample size is too small or you ask the wrong questions.
Secondary research uses information that already exists, like internet reports, government data, or market studies. It's your quick and cheap option for getting background information.
Quick Tip: Primary research tells you exactly what you want to know, but secondary research tells you what others have already discovered!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Secondary research is the budget-friendly option that's already waiting for you online. It's cheaper than primary research, already exists (often free), and you can collect it quickly. Perfect when you need basic market information fast.
But here's the catch - secondary research isn't tailored to your specific business needs. You can't be sure if the data is reliable, biased, or completely out of date. It's like buying clothes without trying them on first.
Quantitative data deals with numbers and facts from large groups of people. It answers questions like "who?", "when?", and "how many?" Think statistics and graphs that show clear patterns across hundreds or thousands of people.
Qualitative data digs deeper into opinions and feelings from smaller groups. It explores "why?" and "how?" questions, giving you rich insights into customer attitudes and beliefs. A focus group of 8 people discussing your product idea is qualitative research.
Remember: Quantitative = quantity (numbers), Qualitative = quality (opinions)!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Market research isn't foolproof - data can be seriously misleading if you're not careful. Your sample might only represent a tiny fraction of the whole market, or you might end up asking people who are all the same age and have similar opinions.
Yes/no questions are quick and easy but give you limited information. Focus groups provide brilliant in-depth insights but only from a small sample of people. It's a constant balancing act between depth and breadth.
Sometimes entrepreneurs should actually ignore market research results. When you're creating something completely new and innovative that customers have never experienced before, they might reject it simply because it's too different. Think about how people initially reacted to smartphones or electric cars.
Market segmentation splits your market into smaller groups based on location, income, lifestyle, age, and other demographic factors. People in Manchester might have different tastes than those in Brighton, and teenagers definitely want different things than pensioners.
Key Point: Sometimes the best innovations happen when businesses brave enough to ignore research that says "customers don't want this"!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Market segmentation can seriously boost your sales by designing products for specific customer groups. Instead of trying to please everyone (which usually pleases no one), you focus on particular segments with similar characteristics.
The benefits are massive: you increase sales, cut promotion expenses by targeting specific groups, build stronger relationships with customers, and can price products differently to maximise revenue. Social media makes this easier than ever - you can track locations and habits of different customer segments.
But segmentation isn't perfect. It assumes all customers in one segment have similar needs, which isn't always true. Different segments can be hard to define - what exactly counts as an "active" lifestyle? Plus, it's expensive and time-consuming, and you might target the wrong segments.
Market mapping helps you visualise where your business fits compared to competitors. You plot different features like price vs quality, or convenience vs choice, to spot gaps in the market where no one's competing yet.
Smart Strategy: Use market mapping to find your sweet spot where competitors aren't already fighting for customers!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Picture this: you plot supermarkets on a map with "high price" at the top, "low price" at the bottom, "high quality" on the right, and "low quality" on the left. M&S and Waitrose sit in the high price, high quality corner, while Aldi and Lidl occupy the low price, reasonable quality space.
Market mapping uses both primary research (focus groups, surveys, observing actual selling prices) and secondary research (competitor websites, customer reviews, online product descriptions). This combination gives you a realistic picture of where everyone stands.
The benefits are brilliant: you can spot gaps in the market, understand your competition before launching, design products that stand out, and see where markets are overcrowded. It helps you create variety in your product range to appeal to different market segments.
But be careful - if you don't choose the right features to map, you'll get misleading results that highlight fake opportunities. Market mapping is just a tool that helps analyse markets; it doesn't make business decisions for you.
Reality Check: A gap in the market doesn't always mean there's a market in the gap - sometimes there's no demand for a reason!
Access to all documents
Improve your grades
Join milions of students
By signing up you accept Terms of Service and Privacy Policy
Competition happens when two or more businesses fight for the same customers. It's like a constant battle where businesses try to outdo each other on price, quality, location, product range, and customer service.
You can analyse competitors by scoring them out of 5 on different factors. For example, H&M might score 4/5 for price (cheaper) but only 3/5 for quality, while Zara scores 3/5 for price (more expensive) but 4/5 for quality. Add up the scores to see who's winning overall.
Competition forces businesses to make smart decisions to survive and succeed. They might undercut competitors with lower prices, improve product quality, or find creative solutions like small businesses using websites instead of expensive high street locations.
Small businesses can compete with big chains by focusing on excellent customer service and getting to know exactly what customers like and dislike. While they can't afford prime locations or match big budgets, they can offer personal touch that large companies often lack.
Competitive Edge: Small businesses often win by being more flexible and personal than their larger competitors!
Our AI Companion is a student-focused AI tool that offers more than just answers. Built on millions of Knowunity resources, it provides relevant information, personalised study plans, quizzes, and content directly in the chat, adapting to your individual learning journey.
You can download the app from Google Play Store and Apple App Store.
That's right! Enjoy free access to study content, connect with fellow students, and get instant help – all at your fingertips.
0
Smart Tools NEW
Transform this note into: ✓ 50+ Practice Questions ✓ Interactive Flashcards ✓ Full Mock Exam ✓ Essay Outlines
Quotes from every main character
English LiteratureApp Store
Google Play
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
The app is very easy to use and well designed. I have found everything I was looking for so far and have been able to learn a lot from the presentations! I will definitely use the app for a class assignment! And of course it also helps a lot as an inspiration.
Stefan S
iOS user
This app is really great. There are so many study notes and help [...]. My problem subject is French, for example, and the app has so many options for help. Thanks to this app, I have improved my French. I would recommend it to anyone.
Samantha Klich
Android user
Wow, I am really amazed. I just tried the app because I've seen it advertised many times and was absolutely stunned. This app is THE HELP you want for school and above all, it offers so many things, such as workouts and fact sheets, which have been VERY helpful to me personally.
Anna
iOS user
Best app on earth! no words because it’s too good
Thomas R
iOS user
Just amazing. Let's me revise 10x better, this app is a quick 10/10. I highly recommend it to anyone. I can watch and search for notes. I can save them in the subject folder. I can revise it any time when I come back. If you haven't tried this app, you're really missing out.
Basil
Android user
This app has made me feel so much more confident in my exam prep, not only through boosting my own self confidence through the features that allow you to connect with others and feel less alone, but also through the way the app itself is centred around making you feel better. It is easy to navigate, fun to use, and helpful to anyone struggling in absolutely any way.
David K
iOS user
The app's just great! All I have to do is enter the topic in the search bar and I get the response real fast. I don't have to watch 10 YouTube videos to understand something, so I'm saving my time. Highly recommended!
Sudenaz Ocak
Android user
In school I was really bad at maths but thanks to the app, I am doing better now. I am so grateful that you made the app.
Greenlight Bonnie
Android user
very reliable app to help and grow your ideas of Maths, English and other related topics in your works. please use this app if your struggling in areas, this app is key for that. wish I'd of done a review before. and it's also free so don't worry about that.
Rohan U
Android user
I know a lot of apps use fake accounts to boost their reviews but this app deserves it all. Originally I was getting 4 in my English exams and this time I got a grade 7. I didn’t even know about this app three days until the exam and it has helped A LOT. Please actually trust me and use it as I’m sure you too will see developments.
Xander S
iOS user
THE QUIZES AND FLASHCARDS ARE SO USEFUL AND I LOVE THE SCHOOLGPT. IT ALSO IS LITREALLY LIKE CHATGPT BUT SMARTER!! HELPED ME WITH MY MASCARA PROBLEMS TOO!! AS WELL AS MY REAL SUBJECTS ! DUHHH 😍😁😲🤑💗✨🎀😮
Elisha
iOS user
This apps acc the goat. I find revision so boring but this app makes it so easy to organize it all and then you can ask the freeeee ai to test yourself so good and you can easily upload your own stuff. highly recommend as someone taking mocks now
Paul T
iOS user
Sociology